一种火星多任务探测器系统概念设计

Conceptual Design of A Probe System for the Mars Multitask Exploration

随着在轨组装技术的发展,大型空间系统设计及其空间应用逐渐受到关注。大型模块化火星探测器可以同时执行多种探测任务,实现对火星的综合勘察。首先调研分析了国外关于火星轨道空间环境的相关探测任务,对探测器载荷、轨道策略进行了分析。其次,针对前期模块化深空探测器研究基础,重点分析了火星探测的多项任务规划,提出了一种火星多任务探测器系统的任务序列设想,包括表面遥感、环境详查、表面详查以及数据中继等。然后,通过对火星多任务探测器系统的功能分析与定义,给出了探测器系统的初步概念设计,包括母体飞行器、中继星、多类型探测器、轨道转移飞行器等。最后,按照地火转移、火星捕获、轨道转移以及探测器任务轨道部署等开展了初步策略分析,为多任务探测器系统的各模块探测与轨道转移等提出了轨道方案。关于火星多任务探测实施、探测器系统功能定义以及系统轨道策略分析等,有望为我国后续深空探测任务规划以及新型深空探测器论证提供参考。

With the development of on-orbit assembly technology,the design of large-scale space system and its application in space have been paid more and more attention.The large modular Mars probe will be able to carry out multiple missions at the same time to achieve a comprehensive exploration of Mars.A logic review is first conducted for the reported missions for the space exploration around the Mars orbit,and related payloads and orbit strategy are further investigated.Then,based on the existing research on the modular spacecraft for deep space exploration,main attention is paid to with the analysis of mission task and potential list of multitask exploration including space condition,and this paper addresses a probe system for the Mars multitask exploration,including remote sensing detection,detailed survey of the environment,detailed investigation of the surface,communication relay.Conceptual design is then presented for the probe system on the function analysis,including main vehicle,TDRS,multitype detector,orbital transfer vehicle.Detailed orbit strategy is proposed from the orbit to the Mars,orbital acquisition and the final exploration for the detec-tion and transferring of the module in the multitask exploration system.Those investigations of multitask exploration plan,analysis of the function and orbit strategy will be favorable for the task plan and development of new probes for deep space exploration.