城市缆车系统对城市公共交通意义的探讨--德国莱茵美因大都市区城市缆车方案实践

Significance of Urban Cable Car System to Urban Public Transportation:Practice of Urban Cable Car in Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region in Germany

交通运输是社会的基本需求。在大城市中,现有交通基础设施及其发展将要达到极限。对此,缆车系统可以在城市交通中弥补和完善现有交通系统的不足。缆车具有较高的客运能力,能够通过悬浮和几乎无噪的运行方式跨越公园、工业区、铁路、道路以及河流,实现无平面交叉的连接模式。在法兰克福莱茵美因城市群公共交通方案中,对缆车使用的可行性进行了探讨。核心问题包括缆车能否代替或者补充现有的公共交通、如何将缆车与周边环境相结合以及缆车系统和传统公交系统优缺点比较三个方面。分析得到最符合未来交通发展的一条线路是从法兰克福机场3号航站楼(预计2024年完工)出发,经过新伊森堡、法兰克福球场到达法兰克福路易撒通捷快运车站的线路,其预估的交通需求出行量(在新冠疫情以前)可以达到1600万~2000万次/年。通过缆车线路方案的实践研究可知,要进一步推进城市缆车作为公共交通工具,其重点在于建立新的评价体系,以突显城市缆车在诸如可持续发展方面优于传统公交系统的特点。

Mobility is a basic need of our society.However,the transport infrastructure and its further development almost reach their limits in metropolitan areas.Cable cars could complete and improve traffic systems in the urban area very well.They can overcome barriers like parks,industrial areas,railroad tracks,streets or rivers floatingly and almost silently to realize gradeseparated connections with a high capacity.The possibility of urban cable car projects is discussed in the Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region.The core three points are representation of an urban cable car as an alternative or addition to existing public transport,integration of the cable car into the environment and advantages and disadvantages of urban cable cars compared to conventional local public transport.A future-oriented route with high potential runs from Frankfurt am Main Airport Terminal 3(to be completed by 2024)via Neu-Isenburg,Frankfurt Stadium to the Ffm-Lousia suburban train station.The demand for this cable car connection is estimated around 16.0~20.0 million journeys/year(estimated before the pandemic).The discussion indicates that the new evaluation systems should be set out to show the advantages of cable cars in compare with other public systems.