中国特色学徒制的研究与实践

Research and Practice of Apprenticeship System with Chinese Characteristics

为满足龙江产业升级需求,提高复合型技术技能人才培养质量,黑龙江省职业教育实施现代学徒制已五年有余,哈尔滨职业技术学院、黑龙江建筑职业技术学院、黑龙江信息技术职业学院等院校通过顶层设计,建立专业遴选机制、长效运行机制及动态考核机制,在招生招工一体化、校企课程实质融合、教学做一体化教学环境、多样化特色育人模式、"双导师"育人团队等方面取得显著成效,但存在一定的问题。对此,政府及职业院校应通过进一步优化发展环境、进一步明确学徒制利益有关方的法律地位、建立学徒制标准体系、建立长效运行机制、建立工作促进机制等方式,探索中国特色高层次学徒制的实施路径,为推广中国特色学徒制、全面提高人才培养质量提供更深层次的理论思考和实践借鉴。

In order to meet the demands of Heilongjiang industrial upgrading and improve interdisciplinary skilled talent cultivation quality,the application of modern apprenticeship system in Heilongjiang vocational education has been 5 years.Harbin vocational and technical college,Heilongjiang institute of construction technology,and Heilongjiang infotech profession institute establish specialty selection mechanism,long-term operation mechanism and dynamic examination mechanism with the top-level design,and have acquired excellent achievements in the integration of recruitment,college-enterprise curriculum,and teaching environment,as well as in the multi-type education modes and the"double-tutor"education team,but there still exist some problems.Therefore,governments and vocational colleges should further optimize development environment,identify the legal status related to apprenticeship system,establish the standard system of apprenticeship system,long-term operation mechanism,and promotion mechanism,and explore the implementation path of high-level apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics in order to provide more comprehensive theoretical thoughts and practical references for promoting apprenticeship system with Chinese characteristics and improving talent cultivation quality in an all-round way.