半主动控制隔离器的研究进展及发展途径

Recent advances and future research directions in semiactive control isolator

工程应用中的敏感设备难免受到振动或冲击的干扰,需要安装隔离器来提高设备的抗干扰能力.被动隔离器,由于其隔振抗冲机理限制,已越来越难以满足复杂环境下更高的隔振抗冲需求;主动控制隔离器由于耗能大、成本高,导致其应用领域受到限制.相对这两者而言,半主动控制隔离器仅需要较少的外部能量就能够完成出色的振动控制,要比主动控制更为稳定;而且在宽频域范围内工作时,其性能要比被动控制更为灵活.然而,目前对半主动控制隔离器在隔振或者抗冲单一模式下的性能研究较多,而在两者混合情形-隔振抗冲方面的研究甚少.针对半主动控制隔振或抗冲器相关领域的研究应用,本文概述了国内外近10年半主动控制隔离器的理论研究情况,以及相关成熟技术在舰船、航空、汽车、建筑等领域的应用情况;系统讨论了现有半主动控制隔离器的减振或缓冲方面所面临的问题以及挑战,提出了一套关于半主动控制隔振抗冲系统的设计指南,为半主动控制隔离器的发展方向和性能改善提供参考.

Sensitive equipment could be disturbed by vibration or shock motion. Hence, an isolator should be installed to protect such equipment. A passive isolator does not adapt to the complicated environment of vibration and shock, and an active isolator always has a large energy consumption and high cost. Compared with such isolators, the semiactive control isolator with slightly extra energy consumption has excellent vibration isolation abilities;hence, it is more stable than active isolators. Moreover, it is more flexible than passive isolators owing to its wider isolation frequency. However,most research pertaining to the isolation performance of semiactive isolators considers a single mode, such as the vibration isolation mode or antishock mode, and few studies have focused on hybrid mode, i.e., both vibration isolation and antishock modes. To investigate the semiactive control isolator with hybrid mode, first, research on the theoretical study and application of semiactive control isolators in the recent decade is overviewed. Further, the isolator performance by considering the aspects of the control algorithm and structure parameters is evaluated. Finally, a guideline for a new semiactive control hybrid isolator system is proposed. The guideline can help improve the control algorithm, optimize structure parameters, create evaluative criteria, highlight unsolved problems, and provide recommendations for future research directions.