毛泽东《论持久战》在战时日本的译介及其影响

The Translations of Mao Zedong’s On the Protracted War in Wartime Japan and Their Influences

全面抗战时期,日本媒体、军方和政府为了摸清中共的抗战战略,以节译、摘译、译述、编译、全译等方式介绍了毛泽东的《论持久战》。媒体的译介较早,以节译、摘译为主,日本民间和官方都给予了相当程度的重视。随着侵华战争的推进,媒体对《论持久战》的评价从刻意贬低趋向客观,尤其重视持久战三阶段的论断。在战争相持阶段之初,《论持久战》在军政界引起的反响并不很强烈,随着败退之势显现,日本政府日益重视《论持久战》的前瞻性和预言性,加以全文翻译供军政界参考利用。在迟迟不能实现战争意图时,日本对侵华战略失误根源进行了更多的追溯,其中对中共的持久战战略方针也不得不投入更多的精力进行研讨。

During the Total Resistance against Japanese Aggression,in order to find out the CPC’s resistance strategy,the Japanese media,the military and the government introduced Mao Zedong’s On the Protracted War by means of abridged translation,selected translation,translating freely,edition and translation,and complete translation.The media translated earlier,mainly abridged translation and selected translation,and both the Japanese people and the authorities paid considerable attention to it.Along with the advance of the War of Invading China,the assessment of the media to On the Protracted War changed from deliberately degraded to objective,paying special attention to the conclusion of the three stages of the protracted war.In the stalemate stage,On the Protracted War was not strongly received in the military and political circles.With the emergence of trend of defeat,the Japanese government increasingly attached great importance to the forward-looking and prophetic nature of On the Protracted War,and translated its full text for reference and use of military and political circles.That is to say,when the war intention was delayed,Japan had traced back to the root of the strategic mistakes in invading China,and had to invest more energies to explore and discuss the CPC’s protracted-war strategy.