装配式建筑施工系统脆弱性影响因素研究

Study on the factors influencing the vulnerability of prefabricated building construction system

装配式建筑施工系统脆弱性是其自身系统产生安全事故的本质原因,而脆弱性影响因素间的相互作用是导致系统脆弱性的根本途径,因此准确识别脆弱性影响因素并理清因素间关系、探究其相互作用机理显得尤为重要。在通过因子分析等方法定量化识别关键脆弱性因素的基础上,采用ISM模型深入剖析了各脆弱性因素之间的关系,建立递阶结构图;进一步运用MICMAC方法构建驱动力-依赖度分类图,深入分析各因素本质特征,揭示其相互作用机理;最后,根据结果提出相应对策及建议。研究结果表明,装配式建筑施工系统脆弱性影响因素可以分为5个递阶层级,相关规章制度是最底层因素,属于独立因素;操作缺陷是最顶层因素,与防护措施均属于依赖性因素;而自发因素是应首要控制的因素。

The vulnerability of prefabricated building construction system is the essential cause of safety accidents in its own system,and the interaction between the factors influencing the vulnerability is the fundamental way to cause the system vulnerability.Therefore,it is particularly important to accurately identify the factors influencing the vulnerability,clarify the relationship between the factors,and explore the interaction mechanism.On the basis of quantitative identification of the main vulnerability factors through factor analysis and other methods,the ISM model was used to analyze the relationships among the vulnerability factors,and the hierarchical structure chart was established.Furthermore,the classification chart of driving force and dependence was constructed by using the MICMAC method to deeply analyze the essential characteristics of each factor and reveal its interaction mechanism.Finally,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward according to the results.The results show that the factors influencing the vulnerability of prefabricated building construction system can be divided into five hierarchical levels.The relevant rules and regulations are at the lowest level as independent factors.Operation defects are at the top level,and,like the protective measures,are dependent factors.And the spontaneous factor is the primary control factor.