西部地区农村电商扶贫效率测算及其空间特征

Measurement and Spatial Characteristics of the Efficiency of Poverty Alleviation by Rural E-commerce in Western Areas

电商扶贫是精准扶贫的有效手段,测算农村电商扶贫效率及其空间特征,对巩固脱贫攻坚成果、全面实现乡村振兴具有重要的理论和现实意义。运用数据包络分析法(DEA),基于云南、贵州、陕西和甘肃4省7县的村级数据,测算了西部地区农村电商扶贫的效率,并分析了其空间特征。结果发现,大部分样本村的电商扶贫综合效率值并不高,存在效率损失的情况,且发展比较不均衡、不充分。在空间特征方面,各个县域的农村电商扶贫效率值基本上呈两端数量少、中间数量多的梭形分布,县域内部尚未形成类似淘宝村的产业集群;贵州省两个样本县农村电商扶贫效率相对较高,陕西省次之,甘肃省农村电商扶贫效率值较低。基于此,提出了提高西部地区农村电商扶贫效率的相关政策建议。

Poverty alleviation by e-commerce is an effective means to reduce poverty.It has important theoretical and practical significance to measure the efficiency and spatial characteristics of poverty alleviation by e-commerce.Based on the village data of seven counties in Yunnan,Guizhou,Shaanxi and Gansu provinces,the efficiency of poverty alleviation by rural e-commerce in poverty-stricken areas was estimated by using data envelopment analysis(DEA),and its spatial characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that the comprehensive efficiency of poverty alleviation by e-commerce in most sample villages is not high,there is a loss of efficiency,and the development is relatively unbalanced and inadequate.In terms of spatial characteristics,the efficiency in each county is a shuttle-shaped distribution with a small number at both ends and a large number in the middle.There is no industrial cluster similar to Taobao Village in the county.The efficiency of poverty alleviation by e-commerce in two counties in Guizhou province is relatively high,followed by Shaanxi province and Gansu province.Based on this,relevant policy recommendations to improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation by rural e-commerce in western areas of China were put forward.