用于甲醇重整制氢的铜基催化剂研究进展

Application of copper-based catalysts for hydrogen production in methanol steam reforming

近年来,随着能源需求与日俱增,化石燃料的燃烧造成的温室效应使得地球气候变得更加恶劣,如何有效实现碳减排成为各国科学家的研究重点。将二氧化碳转化为绿色液体燃料(如甲醇)是一个重要方向。通过甲醇合成(MS)实现碳捕获,再在需要能量时进行甲醇水蒸气重整(MSR)制备氢气,实现二氧化碳的闭路循环和氢能的储存,因此MSR反应具有很高的研究价值。在众多应用于甲醇水蒸气重整的催化剂中,Cu基催化剂因其价格低廉和高活性等优点受到广泛关注。综述了Cu基催化剂在甲醇水蒸气重整中的研究进展,包括机理探索,催化剂优化及未来的发展方向,提出铜基催化剂中铜的高分散、价态调控和复合氧化物与铜的协同是性能优化的关键。

In recent years, with the ever-increasing demand for energy, the greenhouse effect caused by the burning of fossil fuels has made the earth’s climate worse. How to effectively reduce carbon emissions has become the research focus of scientists from all over the world. The conversion of carbon dioxide into green liquid fuels(such as methanol) is an important direction. Carbon capture is realized by methanol synthesis(MS), and then methanol steam reforming(MSR) is carried out to prepare hydrogen energy when energy is needed, so as to realize the closedcircuit circulation of carbon dioxide and the storage of hydrogen energy. Among many catalysts used in methanol steam reforming(MSR), Cu-based catalysts have attracted extensive attention because of their low price and high activity. This review summaries the research progress of Cu-based catalysts in methanol steam reforming, including mechanism exploration, catalyst optimization and future development outlooks, highlighting the effect of high dispersion and valence states engineering of Cu, together with synergy between Cu and metal oxides supports in tailoring the performance of Cu-based catalysts.