2015-2020年甘肃省学校肺结核防控措施实施情况分析

Investigation and analysis of the implementation status of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools in Gansu Province during 2015 to 2020

目的评估甘肃省学校肺结核日常防控措施的实施状况以及新生入学结核病筛查情况。方法采用分层随机抽样与典型抽样相结合的方法,根据甘肃省2019年各市(州)全人群肺结核报告发病率,采用三分位数将14个市(州)分为高、中、低3组;在各组中随机抽取1个市(州),采用典型抽样法抽取初中8所、高中4所和大学2所。全省共计抽取42所学校,填写2015—2020年学校结核病防制工作调查表。对调查表中学校基本情况、因病缺勤和晨检情况、休复学情况等进行描述性分析,对新生入学结核病筛查情况、结核病体检项目开展情况采用线性趋势χ^(2)检验进行趋势分析。检验水准α=0.05。结果2020年90.5%(38/42)的学校将肺结核防控工作纳入学校年度工作计划,95.2%(40/42)的学校配置了肺结核疫情报告人,88.1%(37/42)的学校配置了卫生技术人员/保健老师。2020年高中、初中均已开展晨检工作,因病缺勤登记和病因追查工作的开展率为97.6%(41/42)。2020年所调查的学校新生入学体检结核病检出率为10.6/10万(16/150939),28.6%(12/42)的学校中发生学生因肺结核休学/复学。结论甘肃省学校肺结核防控措施落实较好,防控工作取得了理想成效。

Objective To assess the implementation status of routine tuberculosis prevention and control measures and tuberculosis screening for newly enrolled students in schools of Gansu province.Methods Using a combination of stratified random sampling and typical sampling,according to the reported incidence of tuberculosis in the whole population of each city(state)in Gansu Province in 2019,the 14 cities(states)were divided into three groups(high,medium,and low tuberculosis incidence group)using tertiles;In each group,one city(state)was randomly selected within which 8 junior high schools,4 high schools,and 2 universities were selected by the typical sampling method.A total of 42 schools were selected in the whole province to fill in the school tuberculosis prevention and control work questionnaire.Descriptive analysis was done for illustrating basic information of the school,status of students being absent from school due to illness,implementation of morning check-ups,students being suspended from school for tuberculosis and returning to school afterwards,etc.Linear trend test was used to analyze the trend of tuberculosis screening for newly enrolled students in school and tuberculosis physical examination methods.For all statistical tests,α=0.05.Results In 2020,90.5%(38/42)schools included the prevention and control of tuberculosis in their school’s annual work plan,95.2%(40/42)schools deployed focal point for reporting tuberculosis cases,and 88.1%(37/42)schools deployed health technicians/health teachers.In 2020,both senior and junior high schools had carried out morning check-ups,and 97.6%(41/42)of schools registered students’absences due to illness and traced causes of disease.In 2020,the tuberculosis detection rate of the physical examination for newly enrolled students was 10.6 per 100000,and 28.6%(12/42)of the schools had students who had been suspended from/returned to school due to tuberculosis.Conclusion The prevention and control measures of tuberculosis in schools in Gansu Province have been implemented well,and the prevention and control work has achieved ideal results.