遗产地景区游客恢复性评价对环境负责行为意识的影响研究——以厦门鼓浪屿为例

Research on the Impact of Tourist Perceived Restoration in Heritage Scenic Spots on Environmental Responsible Behavior: A Case Study of Kulangsu Island in Xiamen

遗产地景区旅游推动了当地经济和文化发展,但大量的访客也给遗产地资源与环境保护带来了巨大的压力。研究根据唤醒理论和自我调节态度理论,从游客角度入手,将恢复性评价作为认知评价,满意度作为情感响应,环境负责行为意识作为情绪启动结果,构建遗产地景区游客的心理模型,以世界遗产地厦门鼓浪屿为例,研究三者之间的作用机理。研究发现:(1)厦门鼓浪屿具有恢复性环境特质,以魅力性特征影响公众恢复性评价程度最大;(2)遗产地景区游客的恢复性评价对满意度有直接显著正影响;(3)遗产地景区游客的恢复性评价对其环境负责行为意识无直接影响,但二者之间可通过满意度的中介作用产生间接效应,说明游客在遗产地景区访问过程中,其环境负责行为意识的激发是一个渐进式的心理过程。

The tourism of heritage sites has promoted the development of local economy and culture, but the large number of visitors has also brought great pressure to the resources and environmental protection of heritage sites. The aim is to discover the internal mechanisms of perceived restoration, satisfaction and environmentally responsible behavior awareness. Firstly,the paper bases on the theory of arousal and self-regulation attitude theory, from the perspective of tourists, taking perceived restoration as cognitive evaluation, satisfaction as emotional response, and environmental responsibility behavior awareness as the result of emotional initiation, proposing a new conceptual model to depict the relationship among them for visitors to heritage sites. Next, Kulangsu island in Xiamen is chosen as the study area. Finally, the research found that:(1) Kulangsu island in Xiamen has the characteristics of restorative environment, and its charm characteristics has the greatest influence on the evaluation of public restoration;(2) The perceived restoration of tourists in heritage sites has a direct and significant positive impact on satisfaction;(3) The perceived restoration of tourists in scenic spots has no direct impact on their awareness of environmentally responsible behaviors, but they can have an indirect effect through the mediating effect of satisfaction.It shows that the stimulation of the awareness of environmental responsible behavior is a progressive psychological process during the visit of tourists to the heritage sites.