流域-河口-近岸海域污染防治机制研究

Research on pollution control mechanism of watershed, estuary and coastal sea areas

渤海作为半封闭性的内海,水动力条件较弱,海洋生态环境治理难度大。近年来,随着渤海综合治理攻坚战的实施,渤海污染防治成效显著。但陆海统筹的治理模式尚未形成,机构改革的红利尚未完全释放,河长、湾长制以及陆海生态补偿机制未实现深度融合,陆域、海域在环境管理上呈现监管真空化、行政壁垒化、责任主体模糊化等问题。基于此,本文提出了涉及跨界协作监管、河长湾长融合、生态补偿激励、陆域海域统筹的流域-河口-近岸海域一体化污染防治机制,为渤海综合治理提供参考与支撑。

As a semi-closed inland sea, the Bohai Sea has weak hydrodynamic conditions, and it is difficult to control the marine ecological environment. In recent years, with the implementation of the Bohai Sea comprehensive governance, significant progress has been made in pollution control. Nevertheless, the land-sea integrated governance model has not yet taken shape, the dividends of institutional reform have not been fully released, the river chief system, the bay chief system and the land-sea ecological compensation mechanism have not been deeply integrated, and the environmental management of land and sea presents problems, such as supervision vacuum, administrative barriers and fuzzy responsibility subjects. Thus, the integrated pollution prevention and control mechanism of watershed-estuarine-offshore area involving trans-boundary coordination and supervision, the integration of river chief system and the bay chief system, ecological compensation and incentive, the coordinated land and maritime development is proposed, which will provide reference and support for the comprehensive governance of the Bohai Sea.