流域-河口-渤海近岸海域污染防治机制研究

Research on the pollution prevention and control mechanism of watershed-estuary-coastal waters of Bohai Sea

渤海是半封闭型内海,陆源污染是渤海海洋环境污染的主要原因。以海洋本身为空间范围进行污染防治仍是末端控制的方法。以陆海统筹和基于生态系统的海洋综合管理理论为基础,将渤海污染防治的空间范围延展到入海河流,构建流域-河口-近岸海域污染防治机制,实行海陆一体化的污染防治战略,有利于解决渤海的环境问题。流域-河口-渤海近岸海域污染防治机制可以从污染防治协调管理、总量控制、科学规划和生态补偿等方面进行制度设计。

The Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed inland sea, and land-based pollution is the main cause of marine environmental pollution in the Bohai Sea. Pollution prevention and control with the ocean itself as the spatial scope is still the method of terminal control. Based on the theory of land-sea coordination and the theory of integrated marine management based on the ecosystem, the spatial scope of the Bohai Sea pollution prevention and control is extended to the rivers entering the sea, and the pollution prevention mechanism of watershedestuary-coastal waters is established. The implementation of the integrated pollution control strategy on land and sea is conducive to solving the environmental problems in Bohai Sea. The pollution prevention and control mechanism of watershed-estuary-coastal waters can be designed in terms of coordinated management of pollution prevention and control, total control, scientific planning, and ecological compensation.