低轨红外卫星对类HTV-2高超声速飞行器探测能力研究

Research on Detection Capability of Low-Orbit Infrared Satellite to HTV-2-Like Hypersonic Vehicle

由于临近空间高超声速飞行器具有速度快、高度低、机动能力强的优点,故以陆/海基雷达、高轨红外卫星为主建立的预警探测体系难以对其实施全程有效探测。因此,针对高超声速飞行器的技术特点,对低轨红外卫星的探测能力和全球覆盖性进行了研究。首先,基于类HTV-2升力体的气动外形,模拟了典型工况参数下飞行器的表面温度分布。然后,构建了低轨红外卫星探测模型。结合红外探测器典型性能参数,给出了不同轨道高度下探测器信噪比与观测视角和工作波段的关系,并得到了红外卫星在550 km和1600 km轨道高度下的有效探测半锥角。最后,给出了具有全球探测能力的低轨红外卫星星座的构型及主要参数。

Due to the advantages of high speed,low altitude and strong maneuverability,it is difficult to effectively detect near space hypersonic vehicles by the early warning and detection system consisted of land/sea-based radars and high orbit infrared satellites in whole process.Therefore,according to the technical characteristics of hypersonic vehicles,the detection capability and global coverage of low-orbit infrared satellites are researched.Firstly,based on the aerodynamic shape of HTV-2-like lift body,the surface temperature distribution of the aircraft under typical operating parameters is simulated.Then,the detection model of low-orbit infrared satellite is established.Combined with the typical parameters of infrared detector,the relationship among signal-to-noise ratio of detector,observation angle,and working band at different orbital altitudes is given,and the effective detection half cone angles of infrared satellites at orbital altitudes of 550 km and 1600 km are obtained.Finally,the configuration and main parameters of low-orbit infrared satellite constellation with global detection capability are given.