大型医院暴雨洪涝灾害脆弱性分析与风险防控策略

Construction of risk prevention and control strategies of large⁃size hospitals for rainstorm and flood disaster based on hazard vulnerability analysis

探讨大型医院对暴雨洪涝灾害的风险防控策略,运用头脑风暴法和灾害脆弱性分析识别大型医院面临的主要风险事件,结合医院实际运行管理情况,制定并发布暴雨洪涝下医院建筑灾害脆弱性评估表,对事件风险值和矩阵分布进行分析。评估结果显示,可能性大于0.5且风险值排序在前5位的高风险事件为医疗电力故障(30.65%)、积水倒灌建筑(30.03%)、仪器设备受损(28.73%)、患者转运困难(28.42%)、氧气供应不足(27.95%),需重点关注。对于高风险事件灾害风险评估结果,基于医院防洪排涝标准,从灾前预防、灾中应对两个方面构建相应的风险防控策略,对于其他低风险值事件,由管理部门牵头,根据灾害严重性制定相应的预防措施。

This study discussed the risk prevention and control strategies of large hospitals for rainstorm and flood disasters,used brainstorming and disaster vulnerability analysis to identify the main risk events faced by large hospitals,and formulated and published the hospital building disaster vulnerability assessment form under rainstorm and flood in combination with the actual operation and management of the hospital,so as to analyze the event risk value and matrix distribution.The evaluation results showed that the high⁃risk events with the possibility were greater than 0.5 and the risk value ranking in the top 5 needed more attention,namely medical power failure(30.65%),water flowing⁃back buildings(30.03%),equipment trouble(28.73%),patients’transport difficulties(28.42%),insufficient oxygen supply(27.95%).On the basis of assessment results of disaster risk,for high⁃risk value events,the organization department shall construct corresponding risk prevention and control strategies from two aspects of pre⁃disaster prevention and in⁃disaster response.While for other low⁃risk value events,the management department shall take the lead and formulate corresponding preventive measures according to the severity of the disaster.