储能用锂电池模组主动式热管理系统性能研究

Numerical study on performance of active thermal management systems for a lithium-ion battery energy storage module

热管理对于保证电池模组的使用性能(包括安全性和寿命)具有重要意义。针对储能用方形锂离子电池模块,通过热流体模型仿真,研究了主动式风冷和液冷热管理系统性能。模块原串行式风冷方案被优化改进为串(并)行混合式风冷方案,提高了电池组温度场一致性,但对于降低最高温度作用有限,并发现液冷系统热管控性能明显优于风冷。还比较研究了风冷和液冷方案的能耗情况以及循环充放电过程中变流量工况对能耗的影响,发现空冷系统能耗约为液冷系统的6.2倍;变流量策略可以满足有效热管理的要求,而且降低了风冷系统24.3%的能耗和液冷系统19.7%的能耗。

Thermal management system is of great significance to ensure the performance(including safety and lifespan)of battery modules.The performance and energy consumption of the active air-cooling and liquid-cooling thermal management system was studied with thermofluidic model simulation for the square lithium-ion battery energy storage module.The original serial air cooling scheme of the module was optimized to serial(parallel)hybrid air cooling scheme,which improved the consistency of the temperature field,but limited effect on reducing the maximum temperature.It is found that the thermal control performance of the liquid cooling system is obviously better than that of air cooling.The power consumption of the thermal management systems and the effect of variable flow strategy during cyclic charge-discharge condition on the power consumption were investigated.It is found that the energy consumption of air cooling system is about 6.2 times that of liquid cooling system.The variable flow strategy can meet the requirements of thermal management and reduce the energy consumption of air cooling system by 24.3%and liquid cooling system by 19.7%.