基于GIS的成都东部新区生态敏感性分析

GIS-based Ecological Sensitivity Analysis in Chengdu Eastern New District

对城市新区进行生态敏感性分析,不仅可以保障城市的生态安全格局,还可以对城市现有的用地布局进行调整和优化。文章以成都东部新区为研究对象,选取高程、坡度、坡向、地形起伏度、地层地质、植被覆盖、水系水域、雨水径流、洪水淹没9个因子,构建评价指标体系,研究成都东部新区生态敏感性分布特征;利用最大似然法分类,将成都东部新区的现状用地分为已建设用地与未建设用地两种类型;最后通过空间分析得到不同用地的生态敏感性。结果表明:已建设用地、未建设用地占比分别为9.24%、90.76%;已建设用地中高度敏感区、中度敏感区、轻度敏感区、不敏感区的占比分别为5.36%、9.87%、22.31%、62.19%;未建设用地中高度敏感区、中度敏感区、轻度敏感区、不敏感区的占比分别为9.05%、18.83%、40.69%、31.43%。整体来看,成都东部新区可建设空间充足,现有建设用地仍有优化的必要。

The ecological sensitivity analysis in the new urban district can not only guarantee the ecological security pattern of the city,but also adjust and optimize the current land layout.This article takes the Chengdu Eastern New District as the research object,and selected nine factors including elevation,slope,aspect,topographic relief,stratigraphic geology,vegetation coverage,water system,rainwater runoff,and flood inundation to construct an evaluation index system to study the distribution characteristics of ecological sensitivity in the Chengdu Eastern New District.The maximum likelihood method is used to classify the current land use in Chengdu Eastern New District into two types:constructed land and non-constructed land.Finally,the ecological sensitivity of different land use types is obtained through spatial analysis.The results show that the proportions of the constructed land and non-constructed land are 9.24%and 90.76%.The proportions of highly sensitive areas,moderately sensitive areas,slightly sensitive areas,and insensitive areas in the constructed land are respectively 5.36%,9.87%,22.31%,and 62.19%.The proportions of highly sensitive areas,moderately sensitive areas,slightly sensitive areas,and insensitive areas in the non-constructed land are respectively 9.05%,18.83%,40.69%and 31.43%.Overall,the future construction space of Chengdu Eastern New District is sufficient,and the existing construction land still needs to be optimized.