不同种植模式对佛手山药土壤养分和微生物群落的影响

Effects of different planting patterns on soil nutrients and microbial community of Foshou yam

采集轮作和连作3年的佛手山药土壤,采用高通量测序技术,研究2种模式下土壤细菌、真菌和线虫群落多样性和群落组成特征,以及土壤理化性质和山药产量变化情况。结果表明,连作富集了土壤速效养分,降低了佛手山药的产量以及土壤细菌、真菌和线虫群落的多样性。土壤细菌、真菌和线虫群落组成结构发生较大变化。连作显著提高绿弯菌门丰度,使其成为主要的优势类群,同时降低了变形菌门、厚壁菌门、芽单胞菌门和拟杆菌门丰度。2种模式下真菌优势种群都是子囊菌门和担子菌门。连作降低了子囊菌门,提高了担子菌门和毛霉菌门。连作显著提高土壤线虫类群的丰度。与山药连作比较,轮作改善土壤微生物群落结构,稳定了山药产量,是武穴山药种植区较好的种植模式。

The soil of Foshan yam under rotation and continuous cropping for 3 years was collected,and the high-throughput sequencing technique was used to study the community diversity and composition characteristics of soil bacteria,fungi and nematodes,as well as the changes of soil physical and chemical properties and yam yield.The results showed that continuous cropping enriched soil available nutrients,decreased the yield of bergamot yam and the diversity of soil bacteria,fungi and nematodes.The community structure of soil bacteria,fungi and nematodes changed greatly.Continuous cropping significantly increased the abundance of Campylobacter,making it the main dominant group,while reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Gemmatimonadetes and Bacteroidetes.Under the two models,the dominant populations of fungi were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.Continuous cropping reduced Ascomycota and increased Basidiomycota and Mucor.Continuous cropping significantly increased the abundance of soil nematodes.Therefore,compared with continuous cropping of yam,rotation could improve the structure of soil microbial community and stabilize the yield of yam,which was a better planting pattern in Wuxue yam planting area.