“渔光一体”光伏组件遮光比例对池塘水质及草鱼生长性能的影响

The effect of“Fishery-PV Integration”module shading rate onpond ecology and grass carp growth

“渔光一体”模式是采用水上发电、水下养殖的一种创新模式,具有土地利用率高、收益高且兼具节能环保等优点,然而光伏组件是否影响养殖环境是困扰“渔光一体”模式进一步推广应用的主要问题之一。通过比较“渔光一体”不同遮光度(0%、50%、75%)下,池塘水体pH、温度、溶氧、无机氮、活性磷、硬度、碱度;浮游动植物丰富度及光合色素含量;草鱼饲料系数、日增重率和亩产量情况,来探究光伏电站遮光对池塘水质及草鱼生长性能的影响。结果显示:50%和75%遮光组的pH、水温降低,碱度、硬度和氮磷比升高,蓝藻和浮游动物生物量下降;50%和75%遮光组草鱼存活率、生长和产量,与0%组相比无显著性差异。研究表明,“渔光一体”遮光不会对草鱼生长产生显著不利影响,适宜的“渔光一体”光伏组件遮光,改善了池塘水质,有利于草鱼池塘养殖。

“Fishery-PV Integration”is an innovative production model that combines photovoltaic power generation and pond aquaculture.Compared with the conventional pond culture model,it has the advantages of high land utilization rate,high income,energy conservation and environmental protection,etc..However,whether photovoltaic modules affects the breeding environment was one of the main issues that plague the further promotion and application of this technology.In this paper,the impact of different shading rates(0%,50%and 75%)on pond water quality and grass carp growth performance was studied,through comparing the pH,temperature,dissolved oxygen,inorganic nitrogen,active phosphorus,hardness and alkalinity;phytoplankton richness and photosynthetic pigment content;the feed conversion rate,daily weight gain rate and unit yield of grass carp.The results showed that,in the 50%and 75%shading groups,pH and water temperature decreased,alkalinity,hardness and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio increased,and the biomass of cyanobacteria and zooplankton decreased,and there was no significant difference in the growth and yield of grass carp in the 50%and 75%shading groups compared with the control group.The study showed that“Fishery-PV Integration”shading had no significant adverse effect on the growth of grass carp.On the contrary,suitable“Fishery-PV Integration”shading could improve the pond water quality,and thus beneficial to the pond cultivation of grass carps.