数字经济、空间溢出与城市经济高质量发展

Digital Economy, Spatial Spillover and High-Quality Development of Urban Economy

城市是数字经济的载体,数字经济资源集聚在城市地域空间,数字经济的扩张必然推动城市经济发展质量的提升。基于2003—2018年中国284个地级城市平衡面板数据,采用双重固定效应下的空间杜宾模型(SDM),评估数字经济对城市经济发展的影响。结果显示:数字经济发展不仅能显著提升本地城市经济发展质量,也促进了邻近城市经济发展,具有空间溢出效应。数字经济刺激的城市创新、市场潜力和产业集聚是提升城市经济发展质量的传导路径。进一步的异质性检验表明:数字经济对当地经济发展的促进作用与城市规模大小正相关,而小城市数字经济的空间溢出效应更为显著;数字经济细分化检验得出各维度对当地城市经济发展有直接推动作用,仅数字产业基础推动了邻近城市经济发展;分区域来看,数字经济对本地城市经济发展的推动作用和地区经济发达程度正相关,而对邻近地区经济发展均未表现出显著影响。

The city is the carrier of the digital economy, and the resources of the digital economy are concentrated in the urban regional space. The expansion of the digital economy will inevitably promote the improvement of the urban economy development. Based on the balanced panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2018, this paper uses the SDM model under dual fixed effect to evaluate the effect of the digital economy on urban economic development. The results indicate that the development of digital economy can not only significantly promote the economic development of local cities, but also improve adjacent cities’ development with spatial spillover effect. The digital economy stimulates the urban innovation, market potential and industrial agglomeration which are the transmission path to boost urban economic development. The further heterogeneity test shows that the promoting effect of digital economy for local city’s development is positively correlated with city scale, while the spatial spillover effect of digital economy in small cities is more significant. The subdivision test of digital economy shows that each dimension directly promotes the economic development of local cities, and only the foundation of digital industry drives the economic development of neighboring cities. In terms of sub-region, the role of digital economy in promoting the economic development of local cities is positively related to the degree of regional economic development, but has no significant impact on the economic development of neighboring areas.