简政放权对中国高新技术企业创新质量的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of Decentralization on Innovation Quality of China’s High-tech Enterprises

简政放权改革旨在厘清政府与市场边界,促进创新资源配置效率和公平,激发企业创新质量升级。运用上市公司2007—2019年面板数据,实证研究简政放权对高新技术企业创新质量的影响。研究发现:简政放权通过降低制度性交易成本、激发企业家精神、优化营商环境和强化监管对高新技术企业创新质量产生显著促进作用,且东部经济发达地区表现更好,这表明简政放权有助于中国高新技术企业从水平创新向垂直创新转型升级。同时,简政放权对创新质量的影响在企业性质、政治关联和家族控制方面存在异质性,但与互联网属性不相关。这就要求政府在协调简政放权与创新激励政策时,应突出创新监管前提,扎牢规则藩篱,强化政策设计系统性、协同性和精准性,避免"一刀切",加快简政放权改革"红利"在高新技术企业创新领域落地生根。

The purpose of the decentralization reform is to clarify the boundary between the government and the market, promote efficiency and fairness in the allocation of innovation resources, and stimulate enterprises to upgrade the quality of innovation. Based on the panel data of listed companies from 2007 to 2019, this paper empirically studies the impact of decentralization on the innovation quality of high-tech enterprises. The study finds that the decentralization can significantly promote the innovation quality of high-tech enterprises by reducing institutional transaction costs, stimulating entrepreneurship, optimizing the business environment and strengthening supervision. In this regard, the east economically developed areas have performed better. This shows that the impact of the decentralization on the quality of innovation is heterogeneous in terms of corporate nature, political relevance and family control, but not related to the attributes of the Internet. Therefore, when coordinating the policies of decentralization and innovation incentive, the government should highlight the premise of supervision of innovation, strengthen the barriers of rules, intensify the systematicness, coordination and precision of policy design, and avoid an across-the-board approach. We should speed up the reform of decentralization, so that the "dividend"of the reform will take root in the innovation field of high-tech enterprises as soon as possible.