中老年人体成分与骨密度的关系

Correlation between body composition and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly people

背景:骨质疏松症容易导致中老年人自理能力下降、死亡率和相关医疗费用增加,人体内主要体成分脂肪、肌肉和骨骼的关系并未阐明,因此需要研究它们的关系,并确定患者患骨质疏松症的潜在预测因子。目的:测量中老年人体成分和骨密度相关指标,并分析之间的关系。方法:纳入109例中老年人受试者,记录身高、体质量等信息,通过双能X射线骨密度仪测定骨密度及体成分。根据骨密度结果将受试者分为骨质疏松组及非骨质疏松组,分析两组基础资料、骨密度、各部位骨矿含量、肌肉质量和脂肪质量的分布及关系,卡方检验研究不同性别患骨质疏松症的比率,利用Pearson相关性分析得出各因素与骨密度的相关程度。结果与结论:①女性更容易患骨质疏松症;②骨质疏松组年龄显著高于非骨质疏松组;③骨质疏松组体质量、体质量指数、骨密度、(整体、头部、主干、下肢)骨矿含量、(整体、头部、主干、下肢)肌肉质量、(整体、头部、上肢、下肢)脂肪质量显著低于非骨质疏松组,差异有显著性意义;④Pearson相关分析提示,中老年人整体骨密度与身高、体质量、(整体、头部、主干、上肢、下肢)骨矿含量、(整体、头部、主干、下肢)肌肉质量、头部脂肪质量呈显著正相关,与年龄呈显著负相关;⑤提示女性更容易患骨质疏松症,而且患有骨质疏松症的中老年人年龄更大,各部位骨矿含量、肌肉质量、脂肪质量均较非骨质疏松症人群有所降低;中老年人群骨密度与各部位骨矿含量、肌肉质量相关度较大;因此体成分可以作为评价骨骼健康状况的间接参考指标,各部位骨矿含量、肌肉质量和脂肪质量对整体骨密度具有一定的影响。

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis can easily lead to a decline in the self-care ability of middle-aged and elderly people,and an increase in mortality and related medical expenses.The relationship among the main body components of the human body(fat,muscle,and bone)has not been clarified.Therefore,it is necessary to study their relationship and identify potential predictors of osteoporosis in patients.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the correlation between body composition and bone mineral density of the middle-aged and elderly people.METHODS:A total of 109 middle-aged and elderly people were selected as subjects,and their heights,body mass and other information were recorded.The dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer was used to detect the bone mineral density and body composition.According to the results of body mineral density,the subjects were divided into an osteoporosis group and a non-osteoporosis group.The distribution and relationship of basic data,bone mineral density,bone mineral content,lean mass and fat mass of each part were analyzed between the two groups.Chi-square test was used to detect the ratio of osteoporosis in different sexes,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to obtain the correlation degree of each factor and bone mineral density.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Women were more likely to suffer from osteoporosis.The age of the osteoporosis group was significantly higher than that of the non-osteoporosis group.Body mass,body mass index,bone mineral density,bone mineral content(overall,head,trunk,lower limbs),lean mass(overall,head,trunk,lower limbs),and fat mass(overall,head,upper limbs,lower limbs)in the osteoporosis group were significantly lower than those in the non-osteoporosis group.Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the bone mineral density of middle-aged and elderly people was significantly positively correlated with height,body mass,bone mineral content(overall,head,trunk,upper limbs,lower limbs),lean mass(overall,head,trunk,lower limbs)and fat mass(head),and negatively correlated with age.Therefore,osteoporosis is more common in women,and the middle-aged and elderly people with osteoporosis are older.Their bone mineral content,lean mass and fat mass of each part are lower than those without osteoporosis.The bone mineral density of the middle-aged and elderly people is highly correlated with the bone mineral content and lean mass of each part.Therefore,body composition can be used as an indirect reference index to evaluate the bone health status.Bone mineral content,lean mass and fat mass of each part have certain influence on the bone mineral density.