横流扰动下的鱼雷超空泡及水动力特性研究

Research on Supercavitation and Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Torpedo Under Transverse Flow Disturbance

为研究横流扰动下的超空泡鱼雷空泡形态及水动力特性,基于有限体积法和VOF模型,结合重叠网格技术,建立了经过实际检验的三维鱼雷超空泡数值计算模型,分析超空泡鱼雷航行过程中受到横流扰动后的空泡形态及水动力变化规律,研究不同横流扰动速度下的鱼雷超空泡流场变化,分析横流速度对超空泡的形态及鱼雷航行阻力影响。研究结果表明:横流扰动使得鱼雷超空泡对称性消失,尾部流动分离严重,超空泡不再完全包裹鱼雷表面,鱼雷表面出现沾湿面积。鱼雷航行速度一定时,横流扰动速度越大,超空泡变形越严重,甚至发生脱落,鱼雷航行阻力增量也越大;横流扰动速度达到航行速度的20%时,航行阻力大幅增大,约为无横流扰动时的2倍。

In order to research the shape of the supercavitation and hydrodynamic characteristics of torpedo under transverse flow,a numerical simulation model of supercativation verfied by the experimental result was established based on the VOF model and FVM method combined with overset mesh method.A study was made of the changes of morphology and hydrodynamic characteristics of supercavitation disturbed by transverse flow.Then the variation of the torpedo supercavitaion field under different disturbed transverse flow velocity was researched to analysis the influence of transversed flow velocity to the morphology and the body resistance.The results show that the torpedo supercavitation symmetry disappeared,the tail flow separation became serious,the supercativation was no longer wrapped the torpedo surface and the tropedo surface appeared wetted surface under the transverse flow disturbance.Further research shows that when the torpedo speed is constant,as the transverse flow disturbance speed increased,the supercavitation deformation became more severe and even the shedding occurred,and the torpedo resistance increment was larger.When the transverse flow speed is 20%of the torpedo speed,the navigation resistance increased significantly,which is about twice that without transverse flow disturbance.