多控制面同向偏转对前掠翼静气弹特性影响研究

Influence of Multi Control Surfaces Deflecting in Same Direction on Static Aeroelastic Characteristics of Forward Swept Wing

前掠机翼相对于后掠机翼具有增升减阻、延迟失速和提高飞机的机动性能等优势,但其表面特殊的压力分布导致的气动弹性发散问题一直是制约其发展和应用的瓶颈难题。以前掠翼气动弹性发散的有效主动抑制问题为背景,结合气动与结构优化设计和流动控制理论,研究多控制面联合偏转时机翼表面的流动形态和载荷分布,揭示其对前掠翼气动弹性的作用机理和影响规律,探索多控制面联合偏转对前掠翼气弹发散主动抑制的可行性。针对前期研究单组控制面偏转对前掠翼的弯扭变形抑制效果不佳等问题,以较小的气动弹性变形为约束条件,以获得较好的气动性能收益为目的,采用CFD/CSD松耦合数值仿真计算方法,通过耦合求解三维非定常N-S方程组和线弹性静力学方程组,对前掠机翼的单组和多组控制面同向偏转时的流动形态、压力分布和弹性变形进行了研究。结果表明,内外侧控制面同向联合偏转可以改善前掠翼根部流场分布,在获得良好气动特性的同时,可有效抑制其翼梢的扭转变形和机翼的弯扭变形。因此多组控制面协同偏转比单组控制面改善前掠翼气动弹性特性更为有效,研究成果对主动抑制前掠翼气动弹性变形具有较好的参考价值。

The aeroelastic divergence of forward swept wing is always the bottleneck problem which restricts its development and application.The feasibility of active suppression of forward swept wing aeroelastic divergence by joint deflection of multiple control surfaces was explored.Aiming at the problem that the deflection of single control surface can not effectively restrain the aeroelastic bending deformation of forward swept wing in the previous study,the CFD/CSD loose coupling numerical simulation method was adopted as the main research method,with small aeroelastic deformation as the constraint condition,and in order to obtain better aerodynamic performance benefits,the CFD/CSD loose coupling calculation method was adopted to study the static aeroelastic characteristics of single and multiple control surfaces deflection in the same direction by solving the three-dimensional unsteady N-S equations and linear elastic static equations.The results show that the combined deflection of the inner and outer control surfaces can improve the flow field distribution at the root of the forward swept wing,obtain good aerodynamic characteristics,and effectively restrain the torsional deformation of the wing tip and the bending deformation of the wing.Therefore,the cooperative deflection of multiple control surfaces is more effective than that of single control surface in improving the aeroelastic characteristics of forward swept wing.The research work has a good reference value for actively restraining the aeroelastic deformation of forward swept wing.