人源肿瘤异种移植动物模型在癌症精准医学研究中的应用

Application of Laboratory Animal Models in Cancer Precision Medicine Research

人类疾病实验动物模型对于临床转化研究具有不可替代的作用,在生物科学、医药化学和生命健康等领域得到了广泛的应用。在癌症领域,动物模型常被用作研究癌症发生、发展和转移的有效工具。近年来,人源肿瘤异种移植(patient-derivedtumorxenograft,PDX)模型在癌症治疗药物研发和个体化治疗方案制定方面的应用不断普及。本文从实验动物肿瘤模型的发展、免疫缺陷动物的使用角度出发,围绕不同类型动物模型的特点,综述了PDX模型在精准医学领域的应用现状、未来的发展趋势和应用前景。

Laboratory animal disease models play an important role in clinical translational research,and have been widely used in life sciences,medical chemistry,and biological health.In addition,animal models are often used as effective tools to study cancer occurrence,development,and metastasis.In recent years,with the increasing demand for precision medicine,the patient-derived tumor xenograft(PDX)model has been widely used as an important model for drug screening and translational research in the development of anti-cancer drugs and the introduction of personalized treatment plans for individuals.With the perspective of the development of experimental animal tumor models and the application of immunodeficient animals,this review summarizes the status of PDX models in precision medicine,defines the characteristics of different types of animal models,and provides prospects for future development trends and applications.