商品改装、修理行为商标侵权问题研究

Research on Trademark Infringement Issues Regarding Commodity Modification and Repairing

与翻新不同,改装、修理更侧重对商品的微调与修复,其对商品的改动并非当然构成商标侵权。在判定是否构成商标侵权时,应当以是否具有混淆可能性作为侵权认定的前提,并佐以商品功能、使用场景、注意标准等要素综合评判。权利穷竭在商品改装、修理行为商标侵权认定中也扮演着十分重要的角色,其适用应当以原商品存在固有缺陷为前提、以首次销售为时点、以正当目的为主观要件。此外,也不可忽视实质性改变的作用,对此应当从前提、时间、行为正当性等不同维度对是否构成实质性改变进行判断。

Unlike refurbishment,refitting and repairing pay more attention to fine-tuning and repairing trademarked goods.Modifications and repairs to trademarked goods do not necessarily constitute trademark infringement.When determining whether it constitutes a trademark infringement,the possibility of confusion should be used as a prerequisite for the determination of infringement,and a comprehensive evaluation of factors such as product functions,usage scenarios,and attention standards should be supplemented.The exhaustion of rights also plays a very important role in the determination of infringement of the modification and repair of trademarked goods.Its application should be based on the inherent defects of the original goods,the time of the first sale,and the subjective requirements of the legitimate purpose.In addition,the effect of substantive changes should not be ignored.For this,it’s necessary to judge whether it constitutes a substantive change from different dimensions such as premise,time,and behavioral legitimacy.