检察机关提前介入监察调查的必要性及其限度

Necessity and Limitation of Early Intervention of the Procurator in Supervisory Investigation

“监检”工作的衔接是监察体制改革的重点问题。为了提高职务犯罪案件的办案质量和办案效率,2018年4月国家监察委员会和最高人民检察院联合发布《国家监察委员会与最高人民法院办理职务犯罪案件工作衔接办法》,检察机关可在调查阶段介入职务犯罪案件。检察机关的介入行为不仅坚持了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革目标,更有助于构建“高效”的职务犯罪追诉体系,并且协助监察机关应对职务犯罪案件的新变化。“互相配合、互相制约”原则是检察介入的法理支撑,“保障当事人合法权益”原则是检察机关提前介入调查程序的要求。检察机关的介入虽然具有必要性,但其介入应保持一定限度,以符合监察与检察相互关系的定位。文章主要从启动条件、介入时点、案件范围、介入方式、介入效果等五方面讨论介入行为的限度问题。

Connection between supervisory organs and the procurator is a key issue in the reform of supervision system.In order to improve quality and efficiency of handling duty-related crimes,in April 2018,The State Committee of Supervisory and The Supreme People’s Procuratorate jointly issued Measures for Linking up the Work of The State Committee of Supervisory and The Supreme People’s Procuratorate in Handling Cases of Duty-related Crimes,which stipulates that the procurator can intervene in cases of duty-related crimes in investigation stage.The intervention behavior of the procurator not only sticks to the reform goal of judgment-centered litigation system,but also helps build an“efficient”prosecution system of duty-related crimes,and helps supervisory organs to cope with new changes in this field.The principle of“mutual cooperation and mutual restriction”is legal support of the procurator’intervention,and the principle of“protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties”is the requirement of the procurator to intervene in the early investigation procedure.Despite the necessity of the procurator’s intervention,the limit on its intervention needs to be maintained in accordance with the relationship orientation between supervision and procuratorate.This paper mainly discussed the limits on intervention from five aspects:starting conditions,intervention time point,case scope,intervention mode,and intervention effect.