基于社会网络分析法的省域海洋环境治理政策工具选择研究——以福建省为例

Selection of Policy Tools for Provincial Governance of Marine Environment Based on Social Network Analysis——With Fujian Province as an Example

作为地方政府治理海洋环境、规制用海主体行为的重要手段之一,海洋环境治理政策工具的选择和使用,对于省域海洋经济可持续发展具有重要影响。文章运用社会网络分析法,以福建省为例,基于其已出台并现行有效的海洋环境治理相关政策文本,对其政策工具的选择问题进行探讨。研究发现:当前福建省各类海洋环境治理政策工具中,命令控制型政策工具的选择使用频次最高,经济激励型和社会参与型政策工具的选择使用频次相对较低;政策工具选择的协调性、系统性和发文主体间的协作性尚待提升。针对当前福建省海洋环境治理政策工具选择中存在的问题,提出:优化工具结构,增强政策工具使用的协调性;强化顶层设计,提升政策工具选择的系统性;深化主体协作,提升政策文本制定的协同性。

As one of the important means for local governments to govern their marine environment and regulate behaviors of sea users,selection and application of policy tools for governance of marine environment have an important impact on sustainable development of provincial marine economy.With Fujian Province as an example,based on the collection of published policy texts for governance of marine environment,the authors explored the selection of policy tools by Fujian Province with social network analysis.Results have shown that among all kinds of policy tools for governance of marine environment in Fujian Province,the command control policy tools are most frequently used,while the frequency of economic incentive and social participation policy tools is relatively low;the dcoordination and systematicness in choosing policy tools and collaboration among policy-issuing bodies needs to be improved.In view of existing problems in the selection of policy tools for governance of its marine environment in Fujian Province,this paper puts forward solutions of optimizing tool structure to enhance coordination of the application of policy tools,strengthening top-level design to enhance systematicness of policy tools,and deepening cooperation among issuing bodies to enhance coordination of policy text formulation.