代谢型谷氨酸受体5在中枢神经系统疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in related central nervous system diseases

代谢型谷氨酸受体5(metabotropic glutamate receptor 5,mGluR5)是中枢谷氨酸能系统的重要受体之一,其广泛参与调控突触传递、突触可塑性、神经兴奋性/抑制性平衡等生理过程。多项研究发现,mGluR5参与介导不同神经和精神疾病的发生发展,因此其作为神经和精神疾病的潜在药物靶标日益受到关注。本文对mGluR5的结构、分布、正常生理功能、mGluR5在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用以及mGluR5药物研发现状进行概述,以期为中枢神经系统疾病的研究提供参考。

As a key component of glutamatergic system,metabotropic glutamate receptor 5(mGluR5)has been extensively involved in the regulation of physiological processes such as synaptic transmission,synaptic plasticity and synaptic excitation/inhibition balance.Over the past few decades,mGluR5 has been found to be closely related to multiple neurological and psychiatric disorders,thus it is of considerable interest as a drug target in the treat⁃ment of such disorders.This review summarizes the structure and distribution of mGluR5,its normal physiological function,its pathological roles in related central nervous system(CNS)diseases,as well as the current status of its drug development,in order to provide reference for further investigation.