“三生”空间视角下近40 a广西边疆地区景观生态风险及地形梯度分析

Landscape Ecological Risk Assessment and Terrain Gradient Analysis of Guangxi′s Border Areas in the Past 40 Years from the"Production-Living-Ecological"Space

以广西边疆地区1980、2010和2018年3期土地利用现状数据和高程(DEM)数据为基础,通过景观生态风险指数、土地利用转移矩阵、地形分布指数等方法,从“三生”(即生产、生活、生态)空间视角对广西边疆近40 a的景观生态风险进行评估,同时探究“三生”空间功能转型及地形因子对其的影响。结果表明:(1)生活空间扩张明显。研究期内,生活空间扩大9134.97 hm^(2),而生态空间和生产空间分别缩减3899.60和5235.40 hm^(2),生态和生产空间被生活空间挤压。(2)景观生态风险表现为整体风险程度较低,而部分地区生态风险呈现先加剧后减缓的态势。(3)农业生产空间-林地生态空间和城乡生活空间-农业生产空间的用地功能转型对景观生态风险的贡献率较高,分别为1.01%和0.21%。(4)从景观生态风险在地形梯度上的分布看,海拔和坡度与景观生态风险程度成反比关系。研究结果可为促进区域“三生”空间协调发展、构建景观生态安全格局和探索以生态优先、绿色发展为导向的高质量土地利用优化布局提供借鉴。

Based on the three phases of land use data and DEM data in the Guangxi border areas in 1980,2010 and 2018 and by using the landscape ecological risk index,land use transfer matrix,topographic distribution index and other methods,the landscape ecological risk in the border area of Guangxi for the past 40 years was evaluated from the perspective of"production-living-ecological"space.At the same time,the spatial function transformation of"production-living-ecological"space and the influence of topographical factors on it were also explored.The results show that the ecological and production spaces were squeezed by the living space.During the study period,the living space had expanded significantly by 9134.97 hm^(2),while the ecological space and production spaces decreased by 3899.60 and 5235.40 hm^(2),respectively.Landscape ecological risk as a whole was in a relatively low degree,while in some areas the risk increased first and then decreased.The land use function transformation of"agricultural production space-forest land ecological space"and"urban and rural living space-agricultural production space"had higher contribution rates to landscape ecological risk,which were 1.01%and 0.21%,respectively.From the perspective of the distribution of landscape ecological risk on the terrain gradient,altitude and slope were inversely related to the degree of landscape ecological risk.The above research results can provide reference for promoting the coordinated development of regional"production-living-ecological"space,for constructing a landscape ecological security pattern,and for exploring the optimal layout of high-quality land use with ecological priority and green development as the guidance.