聚丙烯腈/BaTiO_(3)复合纳米纤维过滤膜的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of polyacrylonitrile/BaTiO_(3) composite nanofibrous filter membrane

为制备高效低阻的纳米纤维过滤膜,将无机驻极体BaTiO_(3)纳米颗粒加入聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液中,利用静电纺丝方法制备PAN/BaTiO_(3)复合纳米纤维过滤膜,对其表面形貌、化学结构、水接触角、力学性能和过滤性能进行分析。结果表明:PAN/BaTiO_(3)纳米纤维的直径比纯PAN纳米纤维略有降低,且BaTiO_(3)纳米颗粒均匀地分散在纤维内部;与纯PAN纳米纤维膜相比,PAN/BaTiO_(3)复合纳米纤维过滤膜的水接触角更大,抗污染能力更强,拉伸强度最高增加了75.5%;当BaTiO_(3)质量分数为0.75%时,PAN/BaTiO_(3)复合纳米纤维过滤膜的过滤效率为98.9%,阻力压降为42.7 Pa,品质因子为0.1056,其中静电吸附作用占总过滤效果的36.2%,该纤维膜过滤性能最好,且具有一定的循环使用性能。

In order to prepare nanofibrous filter membrane with high filter efficiency and low resistance,BaTiO_(3)nano-particles were added into polyacrylonitrile(PAN)solution to prepare PAN/BaTiO_(3)composite nanofibrous filter membrane using electrospinning technology,and the surface morphology,chemical structure,water contact angle,mechanical properties and filtration properties of the membrane were analyzed.The results showed that PAN/BaTiO_(3)composite nanofibers possess smaller fiber diameter compared to pure PAN nanofibers.Elemental mapping images showed that BaTiO_(3)nano-particles were dispersed in the nanofibers uniformly.Compared with pure PAN nanofiber,the water contact angles of PAN/BaTiO_(3)nanofibrous composite filter membrane were larger,hence their anti-pollution abilities were stronger.The maximum tensile strength of PAN/BaTiO_(3)nanofiber composite filter membrane increased by 75.5%.When the mass fraction of BaTiO_(3)was 0.75%,the filtration efficiency of composite fiber filter membrane was 98.9%,the resistance pressure drop was 42.7 Pa,the maximum quality factor is 0.1056,and the percentage of electrostatic adsorption effect in the total filtration effect was 36.2%,reaching the optimal filtration performance.It was also found that such membrane can be used repeatedly to some extent.