优化营商环境视域下公益诉讼制度的完善——以食药安全民事公益诉讼适用惩罚性赔偿为切入点

Improvement of the public interest litigation system from the perspective of optimizing the business environment——taking the application of punitive damages in civil public interest litigation for food and drug safety as the entry point

近年来,国家从立法及方针政策层面积极倡导在食品药品领域适用惩罚性赔偿制度,并将其视为优化营商环境的一项重要举措。据此,各地检察机关纷纷探索在食品药品安全民事公益诉讼中提出惩罚性赔偿。然而,在惩罚性赔偿制度适用过程中却遇到了法律规定不明确、认定标准不统一、配套制度尚未建立等诸多问题。在食品药品安全民事公益诉讼中适用惩罚性赔偿制度以应对日益严峻的食品药品安全问题,并最大限度地发挥法律的功能和价值,需要在惩罚性赔偿的适用条件、数额认定、规范管理等方面对现有立法进行调整和完善,以便更好地发挥法治对营商环境的保障作用。

In recent years,the state has actively advocated the application of punitive damages system in the food and drug field from the level of legislation and policies,and regarded it as an important measure to optimize the business environment.Based on this,procuratorial organs in various places have explored to propose punitive damages in civil public interest litigation on food and drug safety.However,in the process of applying the punitive damages system,many problems have been encountered,such as unclear legal provisions,inconsistent identification standards,and supporting systems that have not yet been established.Applying the punitive damages system in civil public interest litigation on food and drug safety to respond to increasingly severe food and drug safety issues,and maximizing the function and value of the law,requires to adjust and improve existing legislation on the application conditions,amount determination and standardized management of punitive damages,in order to better play the role of the rule of law in safeguarding the business environment.