流密码算法、架构与硬件实现研究

Algorithm,Architecture and Hardware Implementation of Stream Cipher

流密码算法的设计与实现一直是密码学领域的研究热点之一.随着应用环境的多样化以及安全需求的提高,流密码算法的设计结构和高效实现也面临着新的挑战.本文首先回顾流密码的发展历史,介绍最新的研究成果,整理流密码发展过程中部分主要国家和地区发起的流密码相关项目以及相关标准;随后,归纳流密码设计中常见的构建块,并对流密码的设计作分类,跟踪不同分类中典型算法的发展脉络,同时对主流的设计分类进行分析、举例;然后,从可重构计算的角度对典型流密码的算法结构进行分解,提取计算算子,总结运算种类并分析基本运算单元的使用情况,基于这些研究设计一个面向流密码算法的通用的可重构计算密码处理架构.最后,在分析当前流密码算法需要解决的一些关键问题后,从不同角度展望流密码的发展趋势.

The design and implementation of stream cipher algorithms have always been research hotspots in the field of cryptography.Different application environments and the improvement of security levels have also launched new challenges to the design structure and efficient implementation of stream cipher algorithms.This paper first reviews the development history of stream ciphers,introduces the latest research results,and lists some stream cipher related projects and related standards in the process of stream cipher development.Subsequently,the common building blocks in stream cipher design are summarized,and the design of stream cipher is classified.The development of typical stream cipher algorithms is classified in different categories.Moreover,the mainstream design classifications are analyzed and demonstrated with examples.Then,from the perspective of reconfigurable computing,the algorithm structure of typical stream ciphers is decomposed,the computing operators are extracted,the types of operations are summarized and the use of basic operation units is analyzed.Based on these,this paper designs a general reconfigurable cryptographic processing architecture for stream cipher algorithms.Finally,after analyzing some key problems that need to be solved in current stream cipher algorithms,the development trend of stream ciphers is presented from different angles.