基于声音监测的鄱阳湖典型湿地鸟类多样性及对人类活动的响应

Bird Diversity and Its Response to Human Activities in Typical Wetland of Poyang Lake Based on Soundscape Monitoring

在鄱阳湖典型人控湖汊芳兰湖湿地选取人类活动差异性较大的两个区域分别设置鸟类声音监测点,利用声音采集仪器Song Meter SM4收集长时间序列的鸟类声音数据,基于声音处理程序包将声音数据转化为具有生态学信息的声学指标,用以表征鸟类多样性特征,并定量分析鸟类多样性与人类活动之间的关联性程度。结果表明:鸟类声音数据为WAV格式的音频文件,文件名称由仪器编号、监测日期和监测时间组成。在监测期间同一时间监测点1(人类活动较弱区域)对应的声学指标ACI、ADI、AEI和NP的指数值均高于监测点2(人类活动较强区域)对应的声学指标值。监测点1的NDSI与ACI、ADI呈极显著正相关,与AEI、NP呈极显著负相关;监测点2的NDSI与ACI呈极显著正相关,与AEI、NP呈极显著负相关。

This study set up bird sound monitoring sites in two areas with great differences in human activities in typical human controlled Fanglan Lake wetland of Poyang Lake,collected long time series of bird sound data by a sound acquisition instrument Song Meter SM4,and converted sound data into acoustic indexes with ecological information based on sound processing packages,so as to characterize bird diversity and quantitatively analyze the relevance between bird diversity and human activities.The results showed that the bird sound data was an audio file in WAV format.The file name consisted of instrument number,monitoring date and monitoring time.At the same time during the monitoring period,the values of ACI,ADI,AEI and NP of monitoring site 1(area with weak human activities)were all higher than those of monitoring site 2(area with strong human activities).The NDSI of monitoring site 1 had a very significant positive correlation with ACI and ADI,and a very significant negative correlation with AEI and NP.The NDSI of monitoring site 2 had a very significant positive correlation with ACI,and a very significant negative correlation with AEI and NP.