覆盖雷竹笋色泽与品质相关性分析

Correlation between External Color and Quality of Mulched Phyllostachys violascens Shoots

[目的]测定分析林地覆盖雷竹笋外观色泽变化程度及色泽与品质间的关系,为竹笋品质评价和生产经营提供参考。[方法]利用色差计测定覆盖雷竹笋笋箨和笋肉上、中、下不同部位的L、a、b色泽参数,并运用主成分分析、聚类分析、判别分析、方差分析和相关分析等方法对竹笋色泽参数和形态指标进行统计分析。[结果]结果表明:笋箨中部、上部等部位的L、a、b色度为覆盖雷竹笋外观主要呈色部位及色泽因子;采用L×a×b进行聚类分析,可将竹笋分为深、中、浅3种外观色泽类型,判别分析与聚类结果一致率为95.6%,回判验证准确率为93.3%,分类效果较好。不同色泽类型竹笋在笋箨、笋肉色泽,笋体、笋箨形态及可食率等方面差异显著,且竹笋内外品相间存在关联性。浅色竹笋外观通体黄白匀称,笋肉白亮,笋箨小而薄,笋蔸质量轻,可食率相比色深者提高11%以上。[结论]覆盖雷竹笋在色泽与形态等外观性状上变化丰富,浅色竹笋更具外观品质优势。

[Objective]To study the change of appearance color and the relationship between color and quality of Phyllostachys violascens shoots from mulched forest land in order to provide references for bamboo shoot production,management and quality evaluation.[Method]The color parameters,including lightness value(L),redness value(a),and yellowness value(b),in the lower,middle and upper parts of sheath and pulp were determined by colorimeter,and statistical analysis methods such as principal component analysis,cluster analysis,discriminant analysis,ANOVA and correlation analysis were carried out for these color parameters and morphological characters of mulched Ph.violascens shoots.[Result]The results showed that the L,a,and b of the middle and upper parts of bamboo sheaths were the main color parts and chromaticity factors of the bamboo shoot appearances.The color of bamboo shoots could be divided into three types(dark,medium and light)based on L×a×b clustering.The consistent rate of discriminant analysis and cluster analysis was 95.6%,and the accuracy of regression validation was 93.3%,showing highly feasible and well effective of the clustering method.There were significantly differences in the color of bamboo sheath and bamboo pulp among different color types of mulched Ph.violascens shoots,the same with the morphology of shoot and its sheath,the edible rate,etc.,and a strong correlation existed between the internal and external products of the bamboo shoots.Bamboo shoots with lighter color had a well-proportioned yellowish-white appearance,bright white pulp,small and thin sheath,light-weighted stump,and the edible rate was higher by more than 11%compared with that of the darker ones.[Conclusion]The bamboo shoots of mulched Ph.violascens have abundant changes in appearance traits such as color,morphology,etc.,and generally,light-colored bamboo shoots possess more appearance quality advantages.