明代马球式微的原因探析

Reasons for the Decline of Polo in the Ming Dynasty

对体育项目文化的挖掘向来是体育文化研究的重要议题。马球,这一在我国流行了数百年的运动经历了波澜起伏的历史,盛于唐而衰于明,探究其衰微的根源有助于为今日传统体育与文化遗产保护提供借鉴。本研究主要采用文献资料法、比较分析法,通过剖析气候变化、马政制度、社会思潮、其他娱乐方式、阶层转移对马球运动的影响,发现马球的衰微是社会大环境转变的一个缩影,自然与政治的变迁对马球运动造成了直接打击。同时,社会风气的主线牵引着马球的流行程度。通过对马球文化尤其是马球史的研究能够让我们更好地把握文化遗产的历史脉络,进行社会记忆的复原与重构。

The excavation of sports culture has always been an important topic in sports culture research.Polo,which has been popular in China for hundreds of years,has experienced a ups and downs history.It flourished in the Tang Dynasty and declined in the Ming Dynasty.Exploring the root causes of its decline will help to provide reference for today's traditional sports and cultural heritage protection.This study mainly adopts the methods of literature and comparative analysis.By analyzing the impact of climate change,horse political system,social thoughts,other entertainment methods and class transfer on polo,it is found that the decline of polo is a microcosm of the transformation of the social environment,and the changes of nature and politics have caused a direct blow to polo.At the same time,social atmosphere leads to the popularity of polo.Through the study of polo culture,especially polo history,not only can we better grasp the historical context of cultural heritage,but also can restore and reconstruct social memory.