从阶级话语的变迁看当代中国意识形态的转型与自我调适

Changes of Class Discourse:On the Transformation and Self-adjustment of the Mainstream Ideology of Contemporary China

阶级话语是马克思主义的核心内容,也是观察当代中国主流意识形态的关键视角。阶级话语的变迁,本质上是主流意识形态的转型与自我调适。改革开放以前,主流意识形态基本上是以阶级话语为核心的革命型意识形态。改革开放以来,中国发生的巨大社会变革使得阶级话语不断变化,这种变化一方面体现在社会理论研究的理论框架选择和话语转换上,另一方面体现在执政党的执政话语体系的演变上。改革开放初期到21世纪初,阶级话语的式微,反映了主流意识形态力图实现从“阶级话语”到“现代性话语”的变迁,从“革命”到“建设”的意识形态转型。进入21世纪,阶级话语的不断凸显,反映了主流意识形态适时调整单一的发展主义的现代性话语,寻求解决社会分化和社会冲突、关注公平正义的价值理性。

Class discourse is not only the core content of Marxism,but also the key perspective to observe the mainstream ideology of contemporary China.The change of class discourse is essentially the self-adjustment and transformation of mainstream ideology.Before the reform and opening up of China,the mainstream ideology was basically a revolutionary ideology with class discourse as the core.The great social changes that have taken place in China since the reform and opening up have led to the continuous change of class discourse.On the one hand,this change is reflected in the choice of theoretical framework and discourse transformation of social theory research,on the other hand,it is reflected in the evolution of the ruling discourse system of the ruling party.From the beginning of reform and opening up to the beginning of the 21st century,the decline of class discourse reflects that the mainstream ideology tries to realize the ideological transformation from“Class discourse”to“Modernity discourse”and from“revolution”to“construction”;Since entering 21 century,the continuous prominence of class discourse reflects that the mainstream ideology timely adjusts the single developmental modernity discourse,seeks to solve social differentiation and social conflict,and pays attention to the value rationality of fairness and justice.