修复前正畸对老年牙列缺损病人口腔健康相关生活质量的影响

Effect of orthodontics combined with prosthodontics on oral health related quality of life in the elderly patients with dentition defect

目的探讨采用修复前正畸治疗老年牙列缺损的效果及对病人口腔健康相关生活质量的影响。方法选择于南通市口腔医院就诊的牙列缺损老年人37例,根据治疗方法分为修复前正畸组(n=15)和直接修复组(n=22)。治疗前后,采用口腔健康影响程度量表中文版-14(OHIP-14)对病人口腔健康质量进行评估,并比较2组治疗效果以及治疗满意度。结果治疗前,2组年龄、性别等一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);修复前正畸组OHIP-14量表疼痛与不适维度得分高于直接修复组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组OHIP-14量表总分以及各维度得分均低于治疗前,且修复前正畸组OHIP-14量表总分以及疼痛与不适维度的改变值高于直接修复组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗后满意度以及治疗有效率差异无统计学意义,修复前正畸组咀嚼效率明显高于直接修复组(P<0.05)。2组治疗费用差异亦有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于牙列缺损的老年人,修复前先进行正畸治疗能提高其口腔功能以及口腔健康相关生活质量,但存在治疗时间较长、费用较高等不足,对于老年牙列缺损病人,应进行个体化治疗。

Objective To investigate the effect of orthodontics combined with prosthodontics on oral health related quality of life(OHRQoL)in the elderly patients with dentition defect.Methods A total of 37 elderly patients with dentition defect were selected and divided into group A(receiving orthodontics combined with prosthodontics)and group B(receiving prosthodontics)according to the treatment method.Clinical effect and OHRQoL which was evaluated by OHIP-14 before and after treatment were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results There were no significant differences in age,sex between the two groups.The score of pain and discomfort dimension of OHIP-14 in group A was significantly higher than that in group B before treatment.After treatment,the total scores of OHIP-14 and four dimensions were significantly decreased in both groups.Additionally,the change of total scores and pain and discomfort dimension in group A was more significant than that of group B.There was no significant difference in total effect and satisfaction between the two groups.But the masticatory efficiency and expenditure of group A were significantly higher than those in group B.Conclusions Orthodontics combined with prosthodontics can improve the masticatory efficiency and OHRQoL of the elderly patients with dentition defect.Individualized treatment should be performed for the elderly patients with dentition defect.