2017—2019年北京市西城区3~6岁儿童患龋情况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Children at the Age of 3~6 in Beijing Xicheng District from 2017 to 2019

目的:掌握2017—2019年北京市西城区3~6岁儿童龋齿发病状况,为儿童龋病诊断和预防提供依据。方法:每年根据"第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查"中规定的龋齿检测标准,对北京市西城区40所幼儿园的3~6岁儿童开展口腔卫生健康体检,并根据体检结果分别作出统计分析。结果:2017—2019年北京市西城区3~6岁儿童三年的平均患龋率为35.39%,2017—2019年4岁组儿童三年患龋率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.133,P<0.05);3~6岁儿童患龋率随着年龄的增长而增大,2019年3~6岁儿童患龋率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=102.598,P<0.05)。结论:儿童龋齿的预防和治疗工作要从幼儿入手,早防早治,同时要加强对托幼园所老师、儿童父母或养育人关于口腔保健知识的宣教,培养儿童正确的口腔卫生习惯,定时做好儿童口腔检测工作,以降低儿童龋齿的发病风险。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of dental caries among children at the age of 3~6 years in Beijing Xicheng district from 2017 to 2019,and to provide evidence for the treatment and prevention of dental caries.METHODS According to the diagnostic criteria of dental caries in the fourth national oral health epidemiological survey,40 kindergarten children at the age of 3~6 were examined annually,and the results were analyzed statistically.RESULTS The average prevalence of caries in 3~6 years old children was 35.39%,compared with 4-year-old children from 2017 to 2019,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=12.133,P<0.05),the prevalence of dental caries among children at the age of 3~6 in 2019 was statistically significant(χ^(2)=102.598,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The prevention and treatment of children’s dental caries should start from young children,and it should be prevented and treated as early as possible,strengthen the propaganda and education on oral health knowledge among kindergartens and parents of children,cultivate children’s good oral health habits,and carry out regular oral examination,reduce the incidence of dental caries.