苏州市吴江区典型河流生态健康评价

Ecological Health Evaluation of Typical Rivers in Wujiang District,Suzhou City

为了评估苏州市吴江区河流生态健康受城镇化的影响程度,本文以吴江区33条县级以上河流为研究对象,依托高分辨率卫星影像对其物理生境进行遥感监测,并选取其中的5条典型性河流,从物理、水文、化学、生物四个维度构建了河流生态健康评价指标体系,开展了河流生态健康评价。结果表明,横草路、乌桥港为健康状态,西大港、八荡河为亚健康状态,永新港为不健康状态;河流生态健康的主要限制因子为流速状况、鱼类多样性指数、大型底栖动物多样性指数、护岸形式和河流生态缓冲带土地开发强度。根据5条河流的生态健康评价结果和全部33条河流的物理生境遥感监测结果,本研究针对性地提出了保护和恢复河流天然物理结构、增强水体流动性的河流生态保护和修复建议。

In order to assess the extent of the impact of urbanization on the ecological health of rivers in Wujiang District of Suzhou City,this paper takes 33 rivers above the county level in Wujiang District as the research object,uses high-resolution satellite images to monitor their physical habitats by remote sensing,selects five typical rivers,constructs a river ecological health evaluation index system from the four dimensions of physics,hydrology,chemistry,and biology,and carries out river ecological health evaluation.The results show that Hengcao Road and Wuqiao Port are in a healthy state,Xida Port and Badang River are in a sub-healthy state,and Yongxin Port is in an unhealthy state;the main limiting factors for river ecological health are flow rate,fish diversity index,macrobenthic diversity index,bank revetment form and river ecological buffer zone land development intensity.Based on the evaluation results of the ecological health of 5 rivers and the remote sensing monitoring results of the physical habitats of all 33 rivers,this research puts forward suggestions for river ecological protection and restoration to protect and restore the natural physical structure of rivers and enhance the fluidity of water bodies.