替代还是互补:非正式照护对正式照护的影响——基于CLHLS数据的经验证据

Alternative or Complementary:How Does Informal Care Affect Formal Care?——Empirical Study Based on the Data of CLHLS

基于"中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查"(CLHLS)2017-2018年数据,运用倾向得分匹配(PSM)方法实证研究非正式照护对正式照护的影响。研究发现:非正式照护对正式照护具有稳定的替代效应,并且这种替代效应对家政服务更高;在城乡差异下,在城市非正式照护对正式照护的替代效应要明显高于农村。研究结果表明,在当前中国人口老龄化趋势显著以及长期照护需求突出的国情下,激励非正式照护的政策可以有效减少老年人对家政和养老院服务的使用需求,从而为构建健康老龄化提供新的思路。

Based on the data of CLHLS from 2017 to 2018,this paper uses the propensity score matching(PSM)method to empirically study the impact of informal care on formal care.The results find that:informal care has a stable substitution effect on formal care,and this substitution effect is higher for housekeeping services;under the difference between urban and rural areas,the substitution effect of informal care on formal care in urban areas is significantly higher than that in rural areas.The results show that,in the current situation,China’s population aging trend is significant and the demand for long-term care is prominent,the policy of encouraging informal care can effectively reduce the elderly’s demand for housekeeping and nursing home services,thus providing a new way of thinking for the construction of healthy aging.