本交笼养山麻鸭受精率与公鸭精液品质、生殖器官发育的研究

Fertilization Rate,Semen Quality and Reproductive Organ Development of Shanma Male Duck in the Mating Cage

为探究本交笼模式下山麻鸭受精率与公鸭精液品质、生殖器官发育之间的关系,采用规格为1.50 m×0.84 m×0.65 m(长×宽×高)单体笼中饲养15只母鸭和1只公鸭,对本交笼养山麻鸭受精率进行统计后,选择受精率低(A组:9笼)、中(B组:16笼)、高(C组:11笼)组中的公鸭精液品质和生殖器官进行检测,A、B、C三组受精率分别为(14.73±10.50)%、(49.99±4.07)%、(93.40±2.28)%。结果显示:本交笼养中公鸭平均精液量为(0.306±0.189)mL,精子密度为(18.205±11.522)亿个/mL,精子活力为0.838±0.145,畸形率为(7.672±1.658)%;睾丸体积为(219.269±73.728)cm3,睾丸重为(94.226±30.650)g,阴茎重为(4.174±0.899)g,平均睾丸指数为73.860±22.397;C组精液量极显著高于A组(P<0.01),显著高于B组(P<0.05);A组按摩反应强度显著高于B组(P<0.05),与C组无显著差异;A组精清量显著低于B组和C组(P<0.05);三组间公鸭生殖器官未见显著差异(P>0.05);山麻鸭受精率与精液量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,在本交笼养模式下山麻鸭公鸭精液品质良好,受精率越高的笼组,精液量越多,但总的受精率偏低,还需对种公鸭进行严格挑选,并在饲养过程中做好种鸭的淘汰补位工作,以保证稳定高效的受精率。

To explore the relationship between fertilization rate and reproductive performance of male ducks,15 female ducks and one male duck were raised in a single cage of 1.50 m×0.84 m×0.65 m(length×width×height).After the statistics of fertilization rate,the semen quality and reproductive organs of male ducks with low fertilization rate(group A:9 cages),medium fertilization rate(group B:16 cages)and high fertilization rate(group C:11 cages)were detected and observed.The fertilization rates of group A,group B and group C were(14.73±10.50)%,(49.99±4.07)%,(93.40±2.28)%,respectively.The results showed that the average semen volume of male ducks was(0.306±0.189)mL,the sperm density was(18.205±11.522)billion/mL,the sperm motility was 0.838±0.145,and the deformity rate was(7.672±1.658)%.The average volume of testis,average testicular weight and penis weight were(219.269±73.728)cm3,(94.226±30.650)g,(4.174±0.899)g,respectively.And the average testicular index was 73.860±22.397.The semen volume of group C was significantly higher than that in group A(P<0.01)and group B(P<0.05).The massage response intensity of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between group A and group C.There was no significant difference in reproductive organs of the three groups(P<0.05).The semen volume of group A was significantly lower than that of group B and C(P<0.05),and there was a significant positive correlation between fertilization rate and semen volume(P<0.05).The results showed that the semen quality of male ducks was good,and the higher the fertilization rate was,the more semen was in the mating cage mode.However,the total fertilization rate was low,so it was necessary to strictly select male ducks.Breeding ducks need to be strictly selected and eliminated in the breeding process to ensure a stable and efficient fertilization rate.