刺五加多糖对雏鸡免疫器官组织结构发育的影响

Effect of Acanthopanax senticosus Polysaccharide on Histological Development of Immune Organ in Chicken

试验通过研究刺五加多糖(ASPS)对雏鸡免疫器官指数及组织结构发育的影响,旨在从器官和组织水平对ASPS的免疫增强作用进行评价。1日龄海兰褐公雏饲养至7日龄时选取150只,随机分为3组,每组50只:ASPS低剂量组(ASPSL组)、高剂量组(ASPSH组)和空白对照组,三组分别每天皮下注射0.2 mL的100 mg/mL和200 mg/mL ASPS以及灭菌生理盐水,连续注射3 d。注射后的第7、14、21和28天称量体重及胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏重量,计算免疫器官指数,并通过HE染色对免疫器官的组织结构变化进行观察。结果显示,胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏指数以及体重的变化趋势基本一致,除注射后7 d外,注射后14、21和28 d ASPSL组和ASPSH组胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏指数以及体重均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),注射后21和28 d时ASPSH组的3种免疫器官指数均显著高于ASPSL组(P<0.05);组织结构方面,与对照组比较,各个日龄ASPSL和ASPSH组的胸腺皮质部分明显增厚,髓质部分面积变小;法氏囊单个淋巴滤泡逐渐增大并变长,排列更加规则,而且皮质比例明显增加;脾脏中脾小体数目明显增多,动脉周围淋巴鞘面积明显增加。结果表明,ASPS能够提高胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏器官指数以及体重,并促进胸腺皮质、法氏囊淋巴滤泡和脾脏动脉周围淋巴鞘等特征性结构的发育,从而为免疫功能的增强提供了组织结构基础。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide(ASPS)on immune organ index and histological structure development of chicken,so as to evaluate the immune-enhancing effects of ASPS at the organ and tissue levels.A total of 1501-day-age Hy-Line Brown male chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups with 50 chicks in each group:ASPS low-dose group(ASPSL group),high-dose group(ASPSH group)and the control group.The three groups were subcutaneously injected of 0.2 mL of 100 mg/mL ASPS,200 mg/mL ASPS and sterilized saline per day for 3 consecutive days,respectively.At 7,14,21 and 28 days after injection,body weight were determined,and the thymus,bursa of Fabricius and spleen were taken to weigh and calculate the index of immune organs,and the changes of histological structure of immune organs were observed by HE staining.The results showed that the body weight and the indexes of thymus,bursa of Fabricius and spleen of ASPSL group and ASPSH group were significantly higher than those of the control group at 14,21 and 28 days after injection except for 7 days after injection(P<0.05),and the indexes of three immune organs of ASPSH group were significantly higher than those of ASPSL group at 21 and 28 days after injection(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the thymus cortex of ASPSL and ASPSH groups at each day of age was significantly thickened,while the medulla area was smaller.The single lymphatic follicles of bursa of Fabrica were gradually enlarged and longer,and the arrangement was more regular,and the proportion of cortex was increased obviously.The number of splenic corpuscle in spleen and the area of periarterial lymphatic sheath increased significantly.The results indicated that ASPS could improve the index of thymus,bursa of Fabricius and spleen organs,and promote the development of characteristic structures such as thymus cortex,lymphatic follicles of bursa of Fabricius and lymphatic sheath around splenic arteries,thus providing a structural basis for the enhancement of immune function.