泛素-蛋白酶体系统与精子获能关系的研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between ubiquitin - proteasome system and sperm capacitation

泛素-蛋白酶体系统(UPS)包括泛素(Ub)、泛素激活酶(E1、UBE1)、泛素结合酶(E2、UBE2)、泛素连接酶(E3、UBE3)、26S蛋白酶体和去泛素化酶等,广泛存在于生物体内。该系统可以精准调节细胞增殖、细胞代谢、细胞死亡、DNA修复及调控转录等,而且UPS在精子体外获能、顶体反应、精子入卵以及精子低温获能中发挥重要作用。因此,文章综述了精子获能时UPS与蛋白激酶A(PKA)、顶体重塑、精子膜蛋白及精子特异性蛋白的关系,以期为提高家畜的繁殖率提供参考。

Ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS) exists widely in organisms, including ubiquitin(Ub), ubiquitin activase(E1,UBE1), ubiquitin ligase(E2,UBE2), ubiquitin binding enzyme(E3,UBE3), 26 S and deubiquitin enzyme. This system can accurately regulate cell proliferation, cell metabolism, cell death, DNA repair, transcriptional regulation and so on, and UPS plays an important role in capacitation of sperm in vitro, acrosome reaction, sperm implantation into eggs and sperm capacitation at low temperature. This article mainly reviewed the relationship between UPS and protein kinase A(PKA), acrosome remodeling, sperm membrane protein and sperm specific protein during sperm capacitation, in order to provide reference for improving the reproductive rate of domestic animals.