美国网络版权法改革的新动向及启示--以网络服务商的义务为中心

The New Trend of Online Copyright Law in the U.S.and Its Implications--Focusing on the Obligations of Online Service Providers

近年来,美国开始推动对其网络版权法进行改革。在初步形成的改革提议中,加强网络服务商的义务成为美国版权局和一些立法者的共识。在《第512条报告》中,美国版权局主要建议通过修法来纠正美国法院偏向网络服务商的立场,从而在安全港规则的框架内,强化网络服务商的义务。但部分立法者认为,现有的安全港规则已经无法适应技术和实践的变化,需要对其进行根本性的改革。因此,在《数字版权法案》的讨论稿中,网络服务商被施加了更多的义务,甚至要承担一定的版权审查义务。我国应持续关注这一改革动向,稳健地推动网络版权规则的更新。

In recent years,the United States has begun to reform its law regarding online copyright.In the reform proposals,imposing more obligations on online service providers has become the consensus of the U.S.Copyright Office and some lawmakers.In Section 512 Report,the U.S.Copyright Office mainly recommends to reorient the courts’position in favor of online service providers by slightly amending the current law,which would strengthen the obligations of online service providers within the framework of“Safe Harbor”rules.But some lawmakers believe that current“Safe Harbor”rules are unable to adapt to the change of the technology and practice and need to be fundamentally reformed.Therefore,in the discussion draft of Digital Copyright Act,online service providers are imposed more obligations and are even required to monitor the content uploaded by users.China should continue to pay attention to this reform and steadily update its law regarding online copyright.