生物刺激素在不结球白菜氮肥减施增效中的效果评价

Effects evaluation of biostimulants on reducing nitrogen application and increasing benefits of non-heading Chinese cabbage

以不结球白菜‘改良金品28’为试验材料,在减氮20%的基础上,研究了叶面分别喷施不同浓度的“扶斯特”“碧护”“海藻精”“展叶灵”对不结球白菜光合作用、产量和品质的影响,探究生物刺激素在不结球白菜氮肥减施增效与替代技术中的应用效果。结果表明:(1)在常规施肥基础上减氮20%对不结球白菜生长、光合作用和产量没有显著影响,但对品质有一定的负面影响,即降低了维生素C(VC)含量;(2)600—2400 mg∕L“扶斯特”、100 mg∕L“碧护”、800—1600 mg∕L“海藻精”和8000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理可同时提高叶片Pn、Gs和Tr,300 mg∕L“扶斯特”、50 mg∕L“碧护”、400 mg∕L“海藻精”和4000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理可同时提高叶片Pn和Tr,2000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理可同时提高叶片Pn和Gs,而200 mg∕L“碧护”、200 mg∕L“海藻精”和1000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理仅提高叶片Pn;(3)400 mg∕L“海藻精”和4000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理使不结球白菜的株高和株幅较N2处理显著增加,与CK保持相同水平;(4)4000 mg∕L“展叶灵”处理增产效果最佳,较CK增产14.88%,增收人民币123667.30元∕hm2,其次为400 mg∕L“海藻精”处理,两者均使不结球白菜硝酸盐含量显著降低,且对VC、纤维素、可溶性蛋白含量没有显著影响。综上,在不结球白菜生产中,减氮20%并叶面喷施400 mg∕L“海藻精”或4000 mg∕L“展叶灵”均可实现氮肥减施增效的目的。

The effects of different concentrations of“First”,“Bihu”,“Haizaojing”and“Zhanyeling”on photosynthesis,yield and quality of non-heading Chinese cabbage‘Gailiang Jinpin 28’were studied on the basis of nitrogen reduction by 20%in order to explore the application effects of biostimulants in nitrogen fertilizer reduction,benefits increase and substitution technology of non-heading Chinese cabbage.The results showed that:(1)on the basis of conventional fertilization,reducing nitrogen by 20%had no significant effects on the growth,photosynthesis and yield of non-heading Chinese cabbage,but had a certain negative effect on the quality,that is,the content of vitamin C(VC)decreased;(2)600-2400 mg∕L“First”,100 mg∕L“Bihu”,800-1600 mg∕L“Haizaojing”and 8000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatments could increase leaf Pn,Gs and Tr at the same time,300 mg∕L“First”,50 mg∕L“Bihu”,400 mg∕L“Haizaojing”and 4000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatments could increase leaf Pn and Tr at the same time,and 2000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatment could increase leaf Pn and Gs at the same time,while 200 mg∕L“Bihu”,200 mg∕L“Haizaojing”and 1000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatments only increased leaf Pn;(3)400 mg∕L“Haizaojing”and 4000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatments significantly increased the plant height and plant width of non-heading Chinese cabbage compared with N2 treatment,and maintained the same level as CK;(4)4000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”treatment had the best yield increasing effect,with an increase of 14.88%compared with CK and an increase of RMB 123667.30∕hm2,followed by 400 mg∕L“Haizaojing”treatment.Both of them significantly reduced the nitrate content of non-heading Chinese cabbage,and had no significant effect on the content of VC,cellulose and soluble protein.In conclusion,in the production of non-heading Chinese cabbage,reducing nitrogen by 20%and spraying 400 mg∕L“Haizaojing”or 4000 mg∕L“Zhanyeling”on the leaves could achieve the purpose of reducing nitrogen fertilizer and increasing benefits.