南京市江宁区接害人员职业健康知识知晓情况及影响因素调查

Investigation on awareness of occupational health knowledge and its influencing factors among exposed workers in Jiangning District of Nanjing City

目的了解南京市江宁区企业接触有害因素人员职业健康知识知晓情况及影响因素,为职业人群健康教育工作提供科学指导。方法 2020年7—8月,采用整群抽样方法抽取6家规模以上企业,通过手机微信小程序,对其员工进行职业健康知识问卷调查,收集、整理数据后,分析问卷得分、知晓情况及其影响因素。结果 781名企业一线接触有害因素的人员问卷平均得分为25.2;不同年龄、文化程度和是否参加过职业健康培训的人员职业健康知识比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。职业健康知识知晓率达90%;进一步logistic回归分析发现,文化程度、企业性质和职业健康培训均是员工职业健康知识知晓的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论针对不同年龄、文化程度、性质企业的人群开展职业健康教育,大力普及职业健康知识。

Objective To know the awareness of occupational health knowledge and its influencing factors among workers exposed to hazardous factors in enterprises in Jiangning District of Nanjing City,provide scientific guidance for health education in occupational population. Methods From July to August 2020,the cluster sampling method was adopted to select six enterprises above designated size,and the occupational health knowledge questionnaire survey was conducted on their employees through the mobile WeChat small program. After collecting and organizing the data,the questionnaire scores,awareness rate and their influencing factors were analyzed. Results The average questionnaire score of 781 frontline workers was 25.2. There were statistically significant differences in the questionnaires scores among groups in different age,different educational level and whether occupational health training was carried out(all P<0.05),while there were no statistically significant differences in the questionnaires scores among groups in different gender,working age and types of enterprises(all P>0.05). In the case that 60% of the total score was defined as the eligibility line,the awareness rate of occupational health knowledge reached 90%,and the awareness was only related to age and occupational health training(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis further found that education level,types of enterprise and occupational health training had impact on awareness rate(all P<0.05). Conclusion To carry out occupational health education for workers of different age,educational level and type of enterprise,and to popularize occupational health knowledge,is an issue that government functional departments,employers and the society all need to pay attention to.