成都市某区大学生对丙型肝炎的KAP调查

Investigation and analysis on KAP of hepatitis C among college students in a certain district of Chengdu City

目的了解大学生对丙型病毒性肝炎(丙型肝炎)相关知识的认知度,为开展针对性健康教育提供参考。方法 2019年采用整群分层抽样方法,抽取四川成都市某区3所高校在校大学生共886名,涵盖不同性别、年级和专业,对其进行丙型肝炎健康知识、信念(态度)与行为(knowledge,attitudes and practices,KAP)的问卷调查。结果成都市某区大学生对丙型肝炎相关知识的知晓率偏低,为58.8%(11 457/19 492),其中"丙型肝炎基础知识"知晓率为45.7%(4 052/8 860)、"丙型肝炎传播途径"知晓率为67.7%(5 400/7 974),"丙型肝炎预防措施"知晓率为57.7%(2 005/2 658)。不同学校类别、性别、年级及专业大学生的丙型肝炎知识知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。丙型肝炎传播途径中,"血液及血液制品"知晓率最高,为80.2%(711人)";共用剃须刀是否传播丙型肝炎"知晓率最低,为43.1%(382人)。此外,有71.5%(632人)的学生表示能接受同学是丙型肝炎患者或丙型肝炎携带者,"能接受自己男(女)朋友是丙型肝炎携带者"仅占43.9%(389人);有55.3%(489人)的学生有意愿了解丙型肝炎,但了解过丙型肝炎知识的人仅占27.3%(242人)。结论成都市某区大学生对丙型肝炎知识的知晓率总体偏低,微小创伤性丙型肝炎传播途径易被忽视。大部分大学生在行为上未表现出对丙型肝炎患者的偏见,对丙型肝炎持有较积极的态度,但在意识上仍缺乏正确引导,建议学校及相关疾病防治机构加强对大学生群体的丙型肝炎健康教育,保障青少年健康。

Objective To understand the cognition of hepatitis C related knowledge among college students,and provide reference for carrying out targeted health education. Methods Through the cluster stratified sampling method,a total of 886 college students,covering different genders,grades and majors,were selected from three colleges in a certain district of Chengdu City of Sichuan Province,to conduct a questionnaire survey of hepatitis C health knowledge,beliefs(attitude) and practice(KAP).Results The awareness rate of hepatitis C related knowledge among college students in this district was low,at 58.8%(11 457/19 492),of which the awareness rate of "basic knowledge of hepatitis C" was 45.7%(4 052/8 860),the awareness rate of "transmission routes of hepatitis C" was 67.7%(5 400/7 974),and the awareness rate of "preventive measures of hepatitis C" was 57.7%(2 005/2 658). There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of hepatitis C knowledge among college students with different school category,gender,grade and major(all P<0.05). Among the transmission routes of hepatitis C,the "blood and blood products" route had the highest awareness rate at 80.2%(711 people),and the awareness rate of "whether shared razors transmit hepatitis C" was the lowest at 43.1%(382 people). In addition,71.5%(632 people)of the students said that they could accept that their classmates are hepatitis C patients or hepatitis C carriers,and only 43.9%(389 people)of them "can accept that their male(female) friends are hepatitis C carriers". 55.3%(489 people) of students were willing to learn about hepatitis C,but only27.3%(242 people) had knowledge about hepatitis C. Conclusion The awareness rate of hepatitis C knowledge among college students in a certain district of Chengdu City is generally low,and the transmission route of minor traumatic hepatitis C is easily overlooked. Most college students do not show prejudice against hepatitis C patients in practice and hold a positive attitude,but they still lack correct guidance in consciousness. It is recommended that schools and related disease prevention and control institutions strengthen hepatitis C health education for college students to protect the health of young people.