拜登政府的关键矿产战略

Biden Administration’s Critical Minerals Strategy

关键矿产与美国的国家经济安全、环境安全、国防安全和代际资源安全密切相关,对美国经济复苏、产业转型、科技竞争、国家安全和对华战略发挥着重要作用。自奥巴马政府以来,美国日益重视关键矿产战略,颁布系列相关法律和行政令,并推动相关机构改革。拜登政府重点关注绿色低碳发展中的关键矿产供应链,并推动跨部门协调行动。拜登将中国视为竞争对手,一方面在国内展开大规模投资、采购,并在相关领域建章立制抵消中国竞争优势;另一方面依托盟友关系,构筑关键矿产安全战略和供应链联盟。拜登政府的关键矿产战略将对中国的供应链稳定发展带来影响,中国应着眼于建设新型国际关系,推进全球资源治理和关键矿产安全可持续发展。

Closely related to US national economic security, environmental security, national defense security and intergenerational resource security, critical minerals play an important role in US economic recovery,industrial transformation, scientific and technological competition, national security and its China strategy.Since the Obama administration, the US has paid increasing attention to critical minerals strategy, enacted laws and executive orders, and promoted relevant institutional reforms. The Biden administration has focused on the critical minerals supply chain in a green, low-carbon development and has promoted interdepartmental cooperation. Joe Biden has regarded China as a competitor, and he has launched a largescale domestic investment and procurement, and established rules and regulations to offset China’s competitive advantage in related fields. The Biden administration’s critical minerals strategy will have an impact on the stable development of China’s supply chain.