冷链食品监管的法律问题

Research on Legal Issues of Cold Chain Food Supervision

作为食品领域的新兴业态,多环节、长链条、专业化特征决定了冷链食品安全风险相较于一般食品更具复杂性与特殊性。而制度设计层面基础立法的缺陷和配套法规的滞后,监管层面监管体制、监管主体以及监管方式存在的问题也给有效防范冷链食品安全风险带来了困难。针对我国冷链食品法律监管实践存在的问题,借鉴冷链食品法律监管的域外经验,只有立法者、执法者以及市场主体共同参与冷链食品安全风险治理,完善冷链食品相关立法,优化冷链食品安全执法,构建覆盖冷链食品产、运、销全流程的法律监管体系,才能使“冷链”成为“安全链”,以保障消费者“舌尖上的安全”。

As an emerging industry in the field of food,the characteristics of multi-link,long chain and professional determine that the risk of cold chain food safety is more complex and special than that of general food.The defects of basic legislation and the lag of supporting laws and regulations at the system design level,and the problems of supervision system,supervision subject and supervision mode at the supervision level also bring difficulties to effectively prevent the risk of cold chain food safety.In view of the problems existing in the legal supervision practice of cold chain food in China and drawing lessons from the extraterritorial experience of cold chain food legal supervision,only the legislators,law enforcers and market players participate in the risk management of cold chain food safety,improve the relevant legislation of cold chain food,optimize the law enforcement of cold chain food safety,and construct a legal supervision system covering the whole process of cold fresh food production,transportation and marketing,can“cold chain”become“safety chain”,in order to ensure the safety of consumers on the tip of the tongue.