跨国代孕中出生证明的承认规则

Research on the Recognition Rules of Birth Certificate in International Surrogacy

在跨国代孕中,儿童出生地国通常会采用出生证明或司法判决等形式确定意向父母与代孕儿童间的法定亲子关系。作为行政机构出具的记录新生儿民事地位与关系的公共文件,出生证明的承认规则主要包括出生证明真实性的验证与法定亲子关系的承认两方面的内容。欧盟立法为出生证明真实性检验规则的发展指明了方向,法定亲子关系的承认条件以准据法与公共政策作为主要代表。未来宜简化真实性验证规则,构建合理统一的亲子关系认定冲突规范,并利用儿童最佳利益原则限制公共政策或公共秩序保留的适用,推动跨国代孕中出生证明的普遍承认。

In international surrogacy arrangement,the birth country of the child usually adopts the form of birth certificate or judicial decision to determine the legal parenthood between the intended parents and the surrogate child.Birth certificate is a public document issued by administrative agencies that records the civil status and relationship of newborns.The recognition rules of birth certificate mainly include the verification of the authenticity and the recognition of legal parentage.The EU legislation has developed rules for the verification of the authenticity,and the recognition requirements of the legal parenthood mainly consist of applicable law and public policy.In the future,it is better to simplify verification rules and establish a reasonable and unified conflict norms for the identification of parent-child relationship,and promote the universal recognition of birth certificates in transnational surrogacy by using the principle of the best interests of children to limit the application of public policy or public order reservations.